WW1 Peace Process
- Define the Paris Peace Conference
- Describe the Treaty of Versailles in detail and it's impact on Germany and Europe.
- Describe Wilson's 14 points.
- Describe why US never ratified the Treaty of Versailles.
The Paris Peace Conference
- Meeting of Allied Victors following the end of WW1 to set the peace terms for Germany and other defeated nations and to deal with the empires of the defeated powers following the Armistice of 1918.
- Took place in Paris in 1919 and involved diplomats from more than 29 countries.
- Came up with a series of treaties - Peace of Paris Treaties - that reshaped the map of Europe and the world and imposed guilt and stiff financial penalties on Germany.
- The big Four - US, Great Britan, Italy and France
- Treaty of Versailles was signed in the Hall of Mirrors.
- Wilson's 14 point -
- Speech by Wilson to Congress on Jan, 8, 1918
- Addess was intended to assure the country that WW1 - Great War - was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe.
- Other Allied countries did not like the 14 points as they thought it was too easy on Germany
- It became the basis for the terms of the German surrender, as a negotiated at the Paris Peace conference in 1919.
- The actual Treaty of Versailles had little to do with the Fourteen Points and so was never ratified by the US Senate.
David Lloyd - Great Britian
Georges Clemanceau - France
Vittorio Orlando - Italy
- What were the major changes
Russia lost a lot of land.
-Finland
-Latvia
-Estonia,
-Some land to Romania
-Lithumia
-Parts of poland.
Treaty of Versialles
- A lot of Land was taken from Germany
- Alsace - Lorraine
- Eupen and Malmedy
Military - Treaty of Varsailles
-Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men, the army was not allowed tanks
-Germany was not allowed and airforce
-Germany was allowed only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
-The west of the Rhineland and 50 kms east of the River Rhine was made into demilitarized zone. No German soldier or weapon was allowed into this zone.
Financial - Treaty of Varsailles
-The loss of vital industrial territory would be a severe blow to Germany's economy.
-Germany was also forbidden to unite with Austria to form one superstate.
Wilson's 14 Points:
1. An end to secret treaties
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Free trade for all countries
4. Disarmament
5. End to colonial claims
6. Self-determination for all countries- Russia
7. Restoration of Belgium
8. Restoration of France
9. Readjustment of Italy’s boundaries
10. Austria- Hungary would be given opportunity for autonomous development
11. Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated and restored
12. Turkey should be sovereign (independent)
13. Poland would be given their independence
14. The “League of Nations” would be developed
Comments