Red Scare/Anti-immigration
-Red scare- fear of a communistic uprising in the US, two of them occurred
-first scare, bombs were detonated at important people's places, triggered the Palmer raids
-Palmer raids, went after communistic people, led by general Palmer, seen as good at first, later seen as breaking many amendments
-second scare, Sacco and Vanzetti, case was that they were anarchic/communistic immigrants who owned a gun used in a murder, after much debate, they lost and were sentenced to death
-Anti-immigration- reduction of immigration to the US, made because of the red scare (thought the immigrants may come and start a revolution)
-KKK (Ku Klux Klan)- anti-immigrant and African-american
Planes, Cars, and Inventions
-Planes- used for mail, small-scale transportation, and entertainment
-Charles Lindbergh, first man to fly solo/non-stop across the Atlantic ocean
-Amelia Earhart, first woman to cross the Atlantic, wanted to circumnavigate the world, never made it
-Cars- before WWI, only the rich had cars, after WWI, people saw the value of cars, got them
-ford, biggest car manufacturer, founded by Henry Ford, model T car was the most common
-highways were made, Route 66- highway that led from Chicago to the west
-Other inventions- electricity in rural homes
Prohibition of Alcohol (1920-33)
-selling, distribution, and drinking of alcohol made illegal
-made gangs
-made NASCAR (fast cars with new engines)
-Speakeasy Bars, secret place to drink alcohol, usually made by gangs, needed password to get in, named speakeasy because it was very hush-hush, decor ranged from small farm houses to large, elegant houses.
Gangs
-gangs arose during prohibition, transporting illegal supplies brought lots of money
-Al Capone (Scarface)- most famous gang leader, led the biggest gang in Chicago
-bought off government workers and police so they could get away with crime
-got caught on tax evasion (not paying taxes)
Warren Harding
-born 1865
-return to normalcy
-cut taxes, made to get out of the post-war tax, made unemployment and inflation go down
-helped strikers and railroad workers
-T-pot dome scandal, secretary sold government land for lease
-died of a heart attack in office
Calvin Coolidge
-born on the 4th of July
-vice president under Harding
-became president when Harding died
-wanted to give money to help farmers, but couldn't make make a deal with Congress
-cut taxes
-got Native Americans to become US citizens
-immigration act, less immigrants coming in
Herbert Hoover
-born 1874 in West branch, IA
-profession was engineering and mining
-head of food administration before, during and after WWI
-helped Belgium during presidency
-gave money to fund veteran's hospital
-set aside millions of acres for national parks
-boulder dam (Hoover Dam)
-good neighbor policy, tried to befriend the Philippians and other areas
-didn't do much to help people in the depression, small government wouldn't interfere
-tried many things, but congress didn't allow them
Republican Philosophy- 20's
-rugged individualism, work hard to get what you want or need, everyone for themselves
-laissez-faire, government keeps their hands off of businesses
-trickle-down theory, give money to the rich so the rich can help the poor
Movies of the 20's
-Sherlock Jr.
-He Who Gets Slapped
-Metropolis
-Haxan: Witchcraft throughout the ages
-Sunrise
-Actors, Douglas Fairbanks, Jobyna Ralston, Emil Jannings, Rudolf Klein-Rogge, Charlie Chaplin
Music of the 20's
-mostly jazz (started by African Americans)
-ragtime and blues
-Louie Armstrong, famous jazz trumpet player
Fashion of the 20's
-men, suit and tie, hair parted slightly
-women, flowing dresses to their knees, hats and short haircuts
-kids, girls had colored dresses, boys had sailor outfits and mini-suits
-Macy's, Sears, Walgreen's, and Cisco was getting big
Food of the 20's
-hot dogs
-pasta
-Curtiss Candy Company, Butterfingers and Baby Ruth
-gum, Teaberry
-restaurants, Texas Pig-stand, A&W, Orange Julius
Dances of the 20's
-the Charleston, famous dance
-the Black Bottom, famous dance first preformed by African Americans
-the fox trot
-the tango, first danced by gangs, prostitutes, bad people, found its way to ballrooms and public dances
-the waltz
-the cake walk, folk song
Sports of the 20's
-football, APFA switched to NFL in 1922, awards given to team with best record at the end of the year, best players were linemen (running the ball)
-golf
-tennis, Helen Wills- first woman to expose ankles
-baseball, Babe Ruth- hit more home runs in a season than anyone before or after
-boxing
-basketball, 2nd tier sport, didn't have much attendance, ABL made in 1925
Radio in the 20's
-like the TV now, it was big and the family gathered round to hear
-music, news and ads were broadcast
Women in the 20's
-mostly about fashion and rights
-called flappers (shoes flapped)
-wore make-up, smoked, drank, all part of their new attitude
-women's suffrage movement, finally passed by congress, allowed women to vote
African-Americans in the 20's
-started to feel better about themselves
-the 'great migration', moved out of south to northern cities
-Ku Klutz Klan (KKK), made up of racist white men, attacked African Americans
-Harlem Renaissance, artistic movement, celebrated African American culture
Buying on credit
-buy things without money, promised to pay it back
-advantages, people bought more things, businesses made money
-disadvantages, nobody paid when supposed to, lots of people in dept, cause of Great Depression
Great Depression
-causes, people were buying on credit (in debt), late 1920's- people had all they wanted and stopped buying as much, companies were losing money, stock was rising, once someone found out about the failing companies, they sold, stocks crashed when everyone sold their stocks
-impact, mass unemployment (companies failed, people lost jobs, couldn't buy products, other companies failed), rich people lost money, companies funded or effected by them were hit hard, farmers got hit worse than others (they weren't a part of the 'good' 20's), banks closed down after losing too much money
-got out of depression because of WWII
Positive and negative impact the 1920's had on the US:
-Positives:
-Negatives:
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