December 11th-December 15th

Monday-Present

Tuesday-finish presenting

Bruns's review

  • 4 Khanates
  • Made a man made canal and it is still around today(over 1,000 miles long)

Wednesday-Carolingian Empire

  • How they came to power
    • Rome falls; Frank's family rise to power and had conquered some part of western Europe , central Europe and Italy
    • Frank's family had a lot of land
    • The Franks family came from Germanic tribe
    • They conquered land given to the warlord are called the feifdom
    • Franks don't give the lord more land if they help him 
    • the franks give them money for their help
  • Goals/purpose
    • Stimulated European economic and political life, and fostered the cultural revival known as the Carolingian Renaissance
    • to create unity and harmony in the kingdom
    • to promote laws and promote learning
  • How they expanded over the years
    • Charlemagne spent the early part of his reign on several military campaigns to expand his kingdom
    • Charlemagne moved aggressively to remove those who threatened his suzeraintly and to expand his power, especially in Italy. He immediately attacked and vanquished Desiderius, King of the Lomards
    • He also extended his dominance to the South, conquering the kingdom of the Lombards in Northern Italy in 778
    • He invaded Nothern Spain, then controlled by the Moors
    • Charlemagne added Bohemia to his empire and subdued the Avars in the middle Danbue basin to form a buffer state for the Eastern border of his empire
  • Saxon War(771-804)
    • A series of campaigns waged over nearly 30 years and 18 major battles
    • these wars concluded with Saxony incorporated into the Frankish Empire, and the pagan Saxons forced to accept Christianity
    • a significant percentage of the Saxon population perished in the Frankish conquest of Saxony
  • Frankish-Moorish War(779-812)
    • Moors-Arabic Muslims who ruled North Africa and Spain
    • The Franks seized the islands of Cosica and Sardinia and in 799 the Balearic islands and Northern Spain
    • In 795, the Spanish regions of Gerona, Cardona, Ausona, and Urgal were united into the New Spanish March, which remained under Frankish authority until 1258
  • Frankish-Byzantine War(801-810)
    • They waged war for control of Venetia and the Dalmation coast modern -day northern Italy, Slovenia and Croatia
    • Nicephorus was distracted by a new war with the bulgars
    • The Byzantine began negotiations with the Franks and peace was agreed
  • Culture
    • Charlemagne support of art and letters had several purposes beyond the general improvement of culture and literacy in the empire
    • educated clergy that could undertake many of the administrative task of government, ensure the acceptance of orthodox doctrine as well as a uniform liturgy throughout the empire
    • there was also a sift in language with so many different dialects because of the German speaking people 
    • uniformity not only strengthened the church but facilitated the political task of ingratiating and centralizing the administration of the empire
    • the uniform script known as the Caroline minuscule, the attempts at achieving uniformity of doctrine through the suppression of hersey
  • Lifestyle
    • farmed, Charlemagne ruled them
      • not a lot is known
      • about the lifestlyes
  • Famous people(Charlemagne)
    • his family was the ruler of western europe
    • Charlemagne is known as Karl and Charles the Great
    • he went on a conquest of uniting the Germanic people
    • he is a skilled strategist in his rule
    • he was in war most of the time
    • he had protected the pope of the christian church to strengthen their bond
    • today some people call Charlemagne father of Europe
  • Gender roles
    • women played integral roles in Carolingian society despite legal and social restrictions
    • nothing is known about the social classes
  • How they lost power
    • the Noble class had slowly gaining power within the mpire
    • Noble stop helping the emperor when the emperor can't give them any reward
    • civil war between the royal family to control power
    • Charles the Fat became the emperor when war against viking break out he paid the viking to leave Paris because he knew he couldn't win against them
    • after Charles death in year 888 the Carolingian empire had collapsed that marked the end of its empire

Thursday-Holy Roman EMpire

  • How they came to power
    • In 800, Pope Leo 3 crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman , reviving the title in Western Europe after more than three centuries, thus creating the Carolingian Empire, whose territory came to be known as the Holy Roman Empire
  • Goals/purposes
    • The Holy Roman Empire was an attempt to resurrect the Western Empire of Rome
  • How they expanded over the years
    • The Holy Roman Empire was not a highly centralized state like most countries today.
    • Instead, it was divided into dozens-eventually hundreds-of individual entities governed by kings, dukes, counts, bishops, abbots, and other rulers, collectively known as princes.
  • Modern Day countries that were included
    • The Holy Roman EMpire wasn't a huge country but it was made up of a lot of areas that include:
      • Germany
      • The Netherlands
      • Belgium
      • Luxemberg
      • Switzerland
      • Austria
      • Czech and Slovak Republics
      • Slovenia
      • Western Poland
  • Social Classes
    • It was a monarchy so they had many different social classes
      • the Princes
      • the lesser nobles
      • the prelates
      • the patricians
      • the burghers
      • the plebians
      • the peasants
    • Princes-Raise Money for military and had a lot of Authority 
    • Lesser Nobles-Worked with military Science
    • The Prelates-Worked with Education
    • The Patricians-Wealthy class
    • The burghers-worked as Merchants
    • The Plebeians-Urban Workers and Journeymen
    • The Peasants-Worked in Agriculture and Livestock
  • Wars
    • Many wars were waged in the time of the Holy Roman Empire
      • Thirty year war
      • Sixth Crusade
      • Nine Years war
  • Napoleon War 
    • This war was fought by the Holy Romans, and the French
    • Most of the French fought because they were loyal to Napoleon, and they just did whatever he said
    • The French military was far more advanced, so they won kinda eaasy
    • This was the cause of the Fall of the Holy Romans
  • How they lost power
    • The Holy Roman Empire had survived over a thousand years when it was finally destroyed by Napoleon and the French in 1806

Friday-Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne(NO ZOMBIES)

  • The Middle ages(roughly 500 AD-1500 AD)
  • The term Medieval simply means "of or relating to the middle ages"
  • The dark ages was the period in Western Europe between 500 (the fall of Rome) and 1000 AD
  • The dark ages
    • Magyars and vikings raided western European church monasteries and destroyed many of these centers of learning
    • Due to this, Europe was thrown backwards in time where science culture and learning were not focused on as much as they had been with Ancient Rome and Greece
  • The invasions and fall of the Roman Empire caused the following problems in Europe-
    • The disruption of trade
      • centralized Roman authority broke down and with it went the protection of trade
      • without Roman power and protection, roads and trade routes were no longer safe
      • without trade and commerce, the economy tanked
    • downfall of cities
      • with the disruption of trade, cities were no longer the vital economic centers
      • with the breakdown of central Roman authority, cities were no longer needed as centers of government
      • people moved to the countryside
      • London, Paris, Rome, Florence, Milan, among others were still around
    • population shifts
      • with the cities no longer the important places they once were, people started migrating to the country
      • they could grow their own food and felt safer there
    • decline of learning
      • The Germanic "barbarians"could not read or write
      • The Germanic languages started becoming important, but they lacked a writing system
      • Important info was all in Latin or Greek
      • The science and philosophy of ancients Greece/Rome got ignored/lost as the Germanic people didn't have much use for it
      • Church leaders were the only people that remained educated 
    • loss of common language
      • As the Roman Empire was divided among the different Germanic tribes, the Latin language started evolving differently i n the different  regions
      • The changes came partly from the separation among the peoples as well as the influence of the Germanic peoples living in the particular areas
      • these dialects became the Romance languages
    • decline of infrastructur
      • all the great public works fell into disrepair;the aqueducts, the public baths, libraries, arenas, etc
      • The Germanic leaders didn't really destroy them, they just didn't see the need to maintain them or spend money to do so
      • it didn't help that thing were mainly located in cities, which people were leaving
  • Germanic tribes
    • unlike the Roman Empire, the Germanic tribes focused on family ties and personal loyalty to unify society
    • every Germanic chief led a band of warriors ho had pledged their loyalty to him
    • in peace time, these followers lived in theirs lords hall and were provided food, weapons, and treasure by their cheif
E-mail me when people leave their comments –

You need to be a member of History 360 to add comments!

Join History 360

eXTReMe Tracker