Accomplishments of the Song Dynasty
By:Rhiana Chickering, Cari Peters, Julie Schneider, and Marea Ferry
When and Where
•Located in China
•Ruled from 960-1279
•It succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
•Followed by the Yuan Dynasty
3 Key People
•Song Taizu (Zhao Kuangyin)
oFounded the Northern Song Dynasty
oRuled the dynasty in 960-976
oLearned martial arts at an early age
oHe took over local military power and assigned civilians to be local officials.
oHe established policies for agriculture in order to promote the development of the economy.
3 Key People (Continued)
•Song Taizong (Zhao Guangyi)
oBrother of Song Taizu
oRuled the Northern Song Dynasty in 976-997
oHe ordered Li Fang, a scholar, to make an encyclopedia.
oLi Fang completed the encyclopedia within six years.
oSong Taizon read three volumes a day.
oSong Tiazon read the complete encyclopedia within a year.
3 Key People (Continued)
•Song Gaozong (Zhao Gou)
oFounded the Southern Song Dynasty
oThe Southern Song Dynasty began when the Northern Song Dynasty ended in 1127.
oThe Jurchens attacked the Northern Song Dynasty and captured the capital.
oSong Gaozong ruled the dynasty in 1127-1162.
oHe was excellent in calligraphy.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
•Major Dynasty before the Song Dynasty
•5 dynasties
oLater Liang Dynasty
oLater Tang Dynasty
oLater Jin Dynasty
oLater Han Dynasty
oLater Zhou Dynasty
•10 Kingdoms
oWu, Wuyue, Min, Chu, Southern Han, Former Shu, Later Shu, Jingnan, Southern Tang, Northern Han
•Being torn apart by warfare
•eventually Quyue and Qingyuan gave up their land to Northern Song in 978
Yuan
•Major dynasty after Song dynasty
•in 1276, Kublai Khan led his army and captured the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty
•Unified the entire country of China
•That was the end of the Song Dynasty
What they're known for
•Population explosion began in the Song Dynasty
•Women started binding their feet during the Song Dynasty
•Rice and Tea became the dominant food during this dynasty
•Song Dynasty progressed fast in science in technology
•They used Moveable Type printing which allowed hundreds of sheets to be printed
What they're known for Cont.
•Invented gunpowder and gunpowder weapons
•The Song had advanced industrialization
•They were known for building some of the largest cities in the world
•The Song dynasty came up with advanced rice cultivation techniques which made rice a major food
Science and Technology and Poetry and Art of Tang and Song
Tang poetry
- Follows the Golden Age of Chinese
- Writtne by over 2200 authors
- important part of social lilfe
- two famous poets
- Du Fu
- Li Bai
Song Poetry
- Classical Chines Peotry
- Poets:
- Su Shi
- Ouyang Xiu
- Lu You
- Yang Wanli
Song Poetry
Mand different forms
Ci-form of poetry based on songs and rhythyms but with different words
Tang Technology
- Invented astronomical clock
- gunpoweder
- gas cylinders
- water powered fans
- porcelin
Song Technology
- claculated an accurate measurement of the astronomical meridan
- many medical breakthroughs
- used ephedrin as a pharmaceutical drug
- Hydraulic powered astronomical clock
- movable type
- flame thrower
Tang Art Painted
- many paintings of landscape, shanshui
- this was paintings with mountains and water
- many paintings were traded
- main music;;the qin, which was used also in the han dynasty
- aslo made pots and plates
Tang Science
- Contributed to a lot to the develpment of astronamy, medicine and printing technique in Chinese history
- Monk Yixing, was the first to successfully measure the length of the meridian line
Song Science
- considered to be Chinas high point in science
- inventions Geunpoweder compass, and movable type printing, greatest 3
- the period that the song dynasty made numerous scientific advacdses was known as the Chinese Renaissance
Han and Tang dynasty agriculture and trade
Tang Agriculture
- digging underground wells for better irrigation, made a very light weight pump used to take water to farm land far from water sources
- Rice, a chinese crop ripended quickly so China was able to hold sucha large population with these small inventions
- Crops--corn, rice, beans, and wheat
Tang Trade
- During the Tang Dynasty the use of The Silk Road declined dramatically-mongols took it over
- Silk Roads-ambushed a lot by the Mongols
Tang Dynasty
Pre Tang Dynasty
- Before tang there was the sui
- lasted from 581-618
- a big achievement for the sui dynasty was that they constructed most of the Grand Canal by some labor of millions of workers
- the grand canal is the longest canal in world
- high taxes and the forced labor for some construction project and wars made the dynasty very unpopular
- the sui empire ended in rebellions
Early Tang Dynasty
- Li family cecomae powerful leaders
- after capturing Changan, and gerneral named Li Yaun Declared himself emperor of tang empire in 618
- defeated his rival and his rule lasted until 626 when his son forced him to retire
- His son, Li Shimin kelled his two brothers to gain power as the emperor
- he was a very famous long- lived emperor
- he was known as Taizong
- once the Gokturks in central Asia were defeated the Tang Empire expanded Westward
- The silk trade routes flourished and Taizong recieved foregin emissaries in Changan
- died 649
Middle tang Dynasty
- there was war famine, and external attacks, this caused death of millions
- in 750 the Nanzhao rebelled against the Tang Dyansty
- small but powerful
- destroyed a large army that was sent against them in 750
- another large army in 754
- Nanzhao expanded into Burma, Thailand and the rest of Yunnan and Sichuan
Tang Dynasty
- lasted from 618 BC to 907 BC
- Founded by the Li family
- captital was Chan'an
- at the time most popular city in the world
- considered a high point of the Chinese civilization
- extended a lot fo cultural influence on its neighbors
- buddism became a major cultural influence
Accomplishments
- developed new study of medicine-emphasized the use of herbs and organic materials for treatment-still in use today in China
- research into complex chemicals heavily influenced useful inventions that came lager-like air conditioning
- invented waterproof creams that resemble todays varnish that on wood
- education brought about economic prosperity and political stability
Players
Li Yan was founder of Tang
- wu Daozi considered greates painter--cultural leader
- Li Shimin- was one of the emporors during this time-excelent politician-lead dynasty to political stability-openminded human style of rule
- Wu Zetian was empress along with Emperor Gaizong she was able to preserve the empire with her keen politaicl mind since Gaosan was weak minded eliminated political enemies
Lost Power
- Rise of Eunuchs
- men have been castrated
- rules kept them form reaching high offices were abolished
- reached positions above princes and ministers
- the central military power was weadened
- political infightiing between them greatly weakened the imperial power
- 2, Separist regions Fanzhen along the borders fought amonsthemselves
- stared as regional military governorships for the safguarding of boarders
- competed for farmland and labor
- became small kingdoms in and of themselves
- comfilct of ruling class
- people of wealthy lineage and commoners who had worked their way up
- formed different political parties
- Peasant uprising
- gov annexed a lot of land
- imposed a lot of taxes
- national disaster casuded the food supply do abrubtly decrease but taxes stayed the same
- Huang Chao Uprising
After Tang
- China descended into politiacal turmoil after the fall of tang dynasty
- int is known was the perid of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Womens rights in song and tang dynasties
Womens right in song dynasty
- women were lower in the social class than men
- were a lot of well educated women
- educated their sons
- wrote poems and stories
- maaids and servants
- Women gained many new legal rights in ownership of property when got married
- given large dowries and legal rights when it came to property
establishment
- fifty years after the official end of the Tang an imperial army re unified China and established the song dynasty
- formed from one of the five dynasties after tang
Song Social class
- wealthy landowners
- scholars
- merchants and artisans
- soldiers and peasants
- slaves
Common women's role in Tang
- traded livestock and women to the turkes
- the most common women werent treated well
- cooked cleaned and took care of the men
higher up women of tang
- some women called courtesans that were great singers and powes. they supervised banquets and feastes and knew all rules to drinking games
- were not afraid to critisize men
Social Class of Tang
- Emperor and family
- aristocracy
- bureaucracy
- eunuchs
- clergy
- peasants
- artisans and traders
- slaves
Weaponry
weapons of song
- Knife Chariot
- Ramer
- Scaling aldder
- iron sword
- stone casting machine
- fire arrow
- fireball
- watchtower
Gunpowder
- song military found gun powder to be helpful in siege warfare
- led to the development of early types of rockets, cannons, bombs and mines
- bombs of gunpowerder were mixed with scrap iron that would be launched with ctapults
- song wnated to continue to improve weapons to hold of Mongols
Weapons of tang
- Pike
- swords
- bow and arrow
- grenades
- throwing dagger
Armor
- Plates of iron with sharp edges
- also used shields that were a very thick piece of iron that could almost defend between any weapon
Tactics
- Song Clamor in the East, Attack in the west
- element of surprise that provides an overwelming advantage
- when face to face with an enemy atack where they least expect it
- Tang-Create something from Nothing-Feint
- Feint-movement in order to deceive their adversary
- made a move then you made another move and when your enemy reacts to that move make another move to catch them off guard
One Paragraph of Marco Polo
311321
Comments