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WW1

Who Fought
- Allied Powers
  - England
  - France
  - Russia
  - Untied States
  - Italy
  - Serbia
  - Belgium
  - Bulgaria
- Central Powers
  - Germany
  - Austria Hungary
  - Ottoman Empire
Nationalism
- Deep Pride for one specific country
- Caused Rivalries in European Nations
Militarism
- Powerful Military Power
Keeping a large standing army prepared for war
Huge Arms Race for Military Technology
Imperialism
- One country take over another politically and economically
- Competition for colonies
- Lead to rivalry and distrust
Alliance system
- Agreement between nations to provide aid and protect one another
MAIN causes
- Militarism
- Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
Franz Ferdinand Assassination
- The Black Hand wanted a part of Bosnia to become a part of Serbia so they assassinated him
Domino Effect
- Austria blamed ^^^ assassination and declared war on Serbia
- Germany declared support for Austria Hungary
- Russia pledged support for Serbia
- Germany declare war on Russia
- France supports Russia
- Germany declares war on France
- Germany invades Belgium on the way to France
- Great Britain Supports Belgium and declares war on Germany
Zimmerman Note
- A telegram sent from Germany to Mexico that proposed an alliance between them
- German's sends a telegram asking Mexico to attack America but the British intercepted it and tells America
- America fed up and enters with the Allies
Sinking of the Lusitania
- It made the German People in America mad
- German U-Boat sank RMS Lusitania (British Ship)
- America was supplying weapons to the Allies
- May 7th, 1915
Goals
- US
  - Wanted World Safer with Democracy
  - War was Democracies (France and Britain) vs Monarchies (Germany and Austria-Hungary)
- Germany
  - Weaken France
- Britain and France
  - Colonies from Turkey
Battle Strategies
- Von Schelieffen 1905
  - Called for Germany to attack France from Belgium
  - NOT SUCCESSFUL
British Propaganda
- German's were Raping Belgium's Women and Children
  - Made up Feel sorry for British
  - Trade with England Increase
  - Trade decreases with Germany
    - Because they kept sinking our ships

Trench Warfare

Problems
- Rat infested
- Lice and worse
- One grenade would take out many soldiers
Set up of trenches (ditches)
- No man's land in between the trenches
- Barb wire
  - to slow down attacks
- Lead to mass killings in battles

Tanks Warfare

Sketches by de Vinci
First Battle
- Battle of Fler
Unreliable
Max speed 4 mph
Can turn sharp
climb 5ft tall hill (parapet)
cross an 8ft gap (kinda)
10 men in the tank 2 with machine gun
Ernest Swinston
First to test out

Aerial Warfare

Hot Air balloon bombs
Planes
Western Front
- Anthony Fokker
  - Dutch Manufacturer
Machine gun to fire through propeller
- Germans
  - Had advantage over Allies
- Red Baron- knocked down 80 air planes in WW1
Eastern Front
- Used on a small scale
- Most nation developed Air force
- 3 ways Used
  - Recon- Spying
  - Dog Fighting- Fighting in the air
  - Bombing

Naval Warfare

Central Power
- Sinkers (offense)
  - sink with German U boat
Allies
- Blockage, Blockade
- North Sea - controlled by British
- Germans were starving due to British Blockade
Type of Boats
- German U boats sank nearly half of British and French merchant ships
- Cruisers
  - Carried the big guns protected by armour
- Merchant/Battleships
  - Cheaper form of weapons
  - Had defensive mechanism
  - High Value Trade
Weapons
- Rifles
- Barb wire
- Machine Guns
- German used Maschinengewehr- 400 rounds used per minute
- British- Vickers machine gun - 400 to 500 rounds per minute
Artillery
Poisonous Gas
- Germans - chlorine gas
- British - Chlorine gas, phosgene, and mustard gas
- 1 million gas casualties on all sides

14 points

1. Open Diplomacy - Everyone knows whats going on/ No secrets or alliances
- Covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view
2. Freedom of the Seas - No territories, peace in the water, stay neutral when in the water
3. Removal of Economic Barriers - Freedom for Trade
- Take away terrives
4. Reduction of Armaments- Reduce Military Force
- Have enough for amour for you but not too much to take over countries
5. Land - End of Colonel Claim- End Imperialism
- We don't want them to take over more colonies and smaller countries
6. Russia is allowed to determine their own government
- All Germans must leave Russian Soil
7. German troops leave Belgium- Will be independent
8. France will regain all territory
- It's invaded portions will be restored
9. Border of Italy will be established so all Italians will be within the borders of Italy
10. Austria-Hungary will stay one independent country
- It didn't hold (split up)
- Freedom for the people living there
11. Central Powers will evacuate Serbia, Montenegro and Romania leaving them as independent countries
- They will remain independent countries
12. The Turkish Ottoman Empire will have their own country
13. Poland should be independent
- Open Sea port
- Kind of ended up happening
14. League of Nations
- A lot of Peaces
- Anyone can join
- No more war
- Asks for infinite peace
- We never joined

Treaty of Versailles

Signed June 28, 1919
15 parts and 440 articles
Gave Germany boundries and liabilities
France want to punish Germany
Britain and US didn't want another war
Germany wasn't given a say
Countries that came out of the Treaty
- Finland
- Czechoslovakia
- Yugoslavia

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