Daily Blog (9/25-10/2)

[1Keenan]

Topics:

-Temperance Movement-18th Amendment- movement that want moderation of alcohol

• wanted hard liquor banned
• took affect in 1919
• banned import, export, manufacture, and making
• didn't ban consumption or possession
• ended 1933 with the 21 amendment
• caused more crime instead of reducing
• WCTU (Woman's Christan temperance union)
• Carrie Nation- pushed for women's suffrage

-Muckrakers-Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens

Upton Sinclair

• Muckraker
• Exposed what really happened to meat
• Wrote a book called Jungle
• Some of the cows that they used for meat had boils
• This wasn't his intention
• He wanted to research about the life about the average worker

Ida Tarbell

• Muckraker
• Wrote about oil companies
• 19 parts total
• History of the standard oil company (Name of article)
• Wanted to show the terrible thing Rockefeller did

Lincoln Steffens

• Muckraker
• Figured out what the corruptions were
• Going after people like Tweed
• Going after corruption in state local government

-Laws making the workplace better, safer, etc

• Workmen compensation
• Labor unions trying to make work better
• 8 hour workday
• Fair pay
• Minimum wage
• Child labor laws

-Direct Election of US Senators-17th Amendment-

• People of America people get to elect senators
• Rich white men would often rig voting before this
• Average people had no say before

-Women's Suffrage Movement-19th Amendment

• Gave women write to vote
• Had men and women treated equally
• Lots of campaign and rallies
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Susan B. Anthony

-Teddy Roosevelt's Background

• Born October 22, 1858 in New York
• Second of four kids
• Wealthy family
• First wife died during childbirth
• Got remarried and had more kids
• Harvard for four years
• Asama
• Studied politics in Germany
• Moved to a ranch
• 1889 appointed to civil service commission
• He was assistant secretary of navy
• 1899 elected Governor of New York
• Vice president then became president when McKinley was killed
• President from 1901 to1909
• Won Nobel peace prize

-Teddy Roosevelt's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:

1. Square Deal

2. Breaking up strikes

• Where the worker going and fighting for better condition from work
• Generally resolved it by talk

3. Breaking up trusts-trustbuster

• Big companies generally ran things
• He broke up about 30 different companies

4. Regulating railroads-Elkins Act, Hepburn Act

Elkins Act

• Helped with railroads prices
• Got rid of businesses getting discounts and re-baits
• Farmers were charged a lot before

Hepburn Act

• Allowed government to regulate railroads
• More focused on regulating

5. Pure Food and Drug Act

6. Meat Inspection Act

• Put up in 1906
• Jungle exposed how meat was really packed
• Had to be labeled proberly
• It protected the citizens

7. Conservation-Transfer Act, Antiquities Act

Transfer Act

• Assigned rangers to forests
• Transferred control from department of interior to department of agriculture

Antiquities Act

• Act was about protect Indian land
• Set aside land for future generations

8. Newlands Reclamation Act

• Helped farmers with dry land
• Helped set up irrigation systems in 13 of the western states

9. Gentleman's Agreement

• Agreement between America and Japan
• Japan didn't like the racism
• America didn't like all the immigrants
• Said that America wouldn't have any anti-Japanese immigration laws and Japan would said sending immigrants over

10. Federal Employers Liability Act

• Started with railroad worker
• Lead to workman's compensation
• Spread to factories

11. Policy toward African-Americans

• Didn't discriminate
• Didn't stop the harsh treatment from other people
• Was fair
• Treated them with respect
• Feared that if he pushed too much for African treatment he'd lose support in other things

-William Howard Taft's Background

• Born on Sept 16, 1987
• Went to Yale
• Born into wealthy family
• Died on March 8, 1930
• Weighed 330 pounds
• Had sever obstructed sleep apnea
• Only president that went on the supreme court after being president
• Never wanted to be president
• Hand picked by Teddy Roosevelt's successor

-William Howard Taft's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:

1. Payne-Aldrich Tariff

• Tariff- tax
• Taft promised that he was going to lower tariff
• Both progressives and conservatives were mad when he changed tariff

2. Ballinger/Pinchot Land Dispute

• Taft allow Pinchot to use the government land that was set aside and sold them to big businesses
• Ballinger's advice was more conservative

3. Breaking up trusts

• Taft broke up the most trusts of any president
• Went after both good and bad trusts

4. Income Tax-16th Amendment

• Imposed income tax
• Said that they can't change the amount of the tax depending on the population
• Important because it allows federal government to buy what they need

5. Policy towards African-Americans

• Wasn't against African's
• NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• Didn't do much to help them though
• Supported Booker T. Washington

-1912 Presidential Election

1. Democratic candidate and platform

• Woodrow Wilson vs. Taft
• Wilson won
• Wilson was a progressive person
• Tariff reduction
• Currency reform
• Supported prohibition

2. Republican candidate and platform

• William Howard Taft
• Break up monopolies
• Tariff reform

3. Progressive(Bull Moose) Party and platform

• "I feel as strong as a bull moose" is why this nickname was given
• Shoot during a speak
• Regulate monopolies
• Minimum wage
• Eight hour work days
• Reasonable tariff

4. Socialist candidate and platform

• Eugen B. Debs
• Government taking control of things

5. Results and why Wilson won

• Wilson won
• Wilson lost in overall votes
• Wilson had more electoral votes
• Had all the democrat votes
• The republican votes were split

-Woodrow Wilson's Background

• Lived in Georgia for most of his life
• Went to Ellette collage
• Taught at Prinston
• Then became president of Prinston
• Was governor of New Jersey 1910-1912 (had to resign to be president)
• Had a stroke
• Left side of body paralyzed after stroke
• His wife ran the country while he was recovering from stroke
• He died in 1924

-Woodrow Wilson's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:

1. Clayton Anti-Trust Act

• Strengthened Sherman anti-trust act
• Gave labor unions the right to exist
• Before this people often got into trouble for being in labor unions

2. Federal Trade Commission Act/Commission

• Stopped monopolizes
• Couldn't have more than three parties
• Went after big companies
• They could sue companies, and could break up companies

3. Federal Farm Loan Act

• Was to increase credit to farmer
• Help with loans
• Before this farmers had trouble
• Gave farmers more money though loans so it could help their farms (summary)

4. Underwood Tariff

• Reduced tariff on imported goods (from 40% to 20%)
• Passed by Woodrow Wilson
• Graduated income tax

5. Federal Reserve Act

• People would get all their money out bank when their was a depression
  • Banks shut down after people doing that
• Allowed banks to barrow money so they didn't have to shut down
• Banker's bank (way to remember)
• Broke country into 12 distracts
• Could raise and lower intrust rates

6. Keating–Owen Act

• Eliminated child labor

7. Adamson Act

• Passed 8 hour work day (railroads)
• If you worked over that you got paid overtime
• You got paid time and a half for overtime

8. US Neutrality in WWI

• Meant that we wouldn't fight in war and we could send supplies to both sides
• Once war started we claimed neutrality
• Fought less than one year
• U.S. ships sinking is what caused us to fight

9. Policy towards African-Americans

• Segregated Washington DC.
• Thought it was beneficial to segregate
• Made black and white marriages illegal