Ch. 5.1:
-Describe Native American culture.
Nature and animals are important (buffalo was very important). They farmed, hunted, gathered, and fish. Horses were brought by Spain. The ownership of land idea puzzled the Indian's.
-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?
Gold rush war they thought their was gold there so they want it but the Indians were there. Massaccare at sand creek mainly women and children died. Death on the Bozeman trail was another battle. Two famous ones are battle of little big horn (Custer's last stand), and battle of wounded knee. George Custer was the general in the little big horn. Last major battle was the battle of wounded knee.
-How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?
- Dawes Act- set gave 160 acres to head of house and 80 to each unmarried adult
Not used land would be sold to settlers
Money made would be spent on farm implements for natives
- In 1850’s gov’t had a treaty that set boundaries for each tribe
- Most native’s denied treaty
-Describe a cowboy's life.
- It was dangerous
- Couple days long
- Many head of Cattle would be in it
- A lot of miles
Ch. 5.2:
-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?
- Offered 160 acres of land to any citizen who was the head of the household
- Good idea, turned out bad
Rules
- Settle 160 acres of land, 10x12 house
- Maintain and farm for 5 years
- Very small fee
Oklahoma
- 2 million acres given away
- Some went before it was declared open
- Sooners
Failures
- Businesses took over the land
- Too expensive to travel
- Land not all worth taking
-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?
In-between Missouri River and Rocky Mountains
- Few trees
- Dug inside of ravines or hills
- Houses made of sod
- Indian attacks
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?
- Debt
- Indian attacks
- High prices
Ch. 5.3:
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?
- Indian attacks
- High prices
- Debt
-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?
- Farmers
- Alliances ( Farmer alliance and Granges)
- 1892-1896
- started officially July 2, 1892
- Railroads took advantage of farmers
- Farmers paid extremely high prices to transport
- Farmer bought mortgages; got caught up in credit
- Farmer wanted inflation
- Social outlet for farmers
- Demanded more you make; more you pay (Graduated income tax)
- Demanded 8 hour workday
- Secret Ballot
- Immigration restriction
- bimetallism- government gave metals in exchange for paper
Panic of 1893
- railroad went bankrupt
- gold supply wore thin
- people traded in paper money for
- end of year 15,000 business and 500 banks closed
Ch. 6.1:
-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?
- Tons of natural resources
- Government helped business
- cities were growing
- laissez faire- term for government leaving businesses alone
- immigrants provided cheap labor
-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?
- light bulb
- cheap way to make steel
Ch. 6.2:
-What impact did railroads have on the US?
- brought our country together
- brought time zones
- main way of transportation
-Why were many people upset with the railroads?
-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?
- farmers
- work to fight against railroad
- Interstate Commerce Act (failed at first)
Ch. 6.3:
-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.
- Carnegie steal
- was an imigrant
- hated and respected
- drove companies out of business
-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.
- oil business
- hated and respected
- drove companies out of business
-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?
- Survival of the fittest
- used as a mean for big businesses driving out small businesses
-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).
- Big businesses buying out smaller companies
- Trust- monopoly
- Vertical- buying railroads, ships, and oil so they could just use their own and not
-How did the government try to regulate business?
- Sherman anti-trust act
-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?
- number of worker coming together to achieve a goal
- power in number
- work for better pay, business, etc.
Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.
- no
- if you said you'd join one you would get hired sometimes
- sometimes hire imigrants
- people blamed the labor union for what was going wrong
- people died while work to achieve their goals
Ch. 7.1:
Why did immigrants come to the US?
- political reasons
- natural disasters
- new job
- family
Where did immigrants come from?
- all over Europe, Asia, India
What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?
- terrible conditions
- disease
- crampted
- racism
Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?
- kept wages low
- white anglosaction prodistons
Ch. 7.2
Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
- people giving up on farming
- to make money
What problems did cities face due to the rapid increase in population?
- over populated
- cramped
- fires
- disease
- not clean drinking water
What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
- settlement houses
- churches and nice rich people (ex. James Adams)
- build parks
- pick up garbage
Ch. 7.3
What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?
- group of people trying to as many people they want elected, elected
Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
- pocket money
- being dishonest
What caused all this corruption in government?
- dishonest people
- lack of rules
- spoil system
What laws came about to reform government?
- Penilton Cival service act
Ch. 8.3:
-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- poll tax
-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.
- separate but equal
Ch. 9.1
-Define the Progressive Era and why it started(goals).
-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?
-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.
-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?
-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?
-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?
-What did local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?
-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?
-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?
-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?
-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?
-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?
-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?
-What did the 17th Amendment do?
Ch. 9.2
-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.
-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.
-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.
Ch. 9.3
-Describe the major accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt as President.
-Square Deal
-Breaking up strikes
-Regulating railroads
-Regulating food and drugs
-Conservation
-Civil Rights
Ch.9.4
-Describe the major accomplishments and problems of William Howard Taft's presidency
-Payne-Aldrich Tariff
-Land disputes
-Breaking up trusts
-You will have to look elsewhere for some other accomplishments as the book is limited
-Break-up of the Republican Party
-Describe the outcome of the 1912 Presidential Election.
Ch. 9.5
-Describe the major accomplishments/issues of Woodrow as President.
-Breaking up trusts
-Underwood Tariff
-16th Amendment
-Federal Reserve System
-Limits to Progressivism under Wilson
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