sea, land, and climate.
-SEA-great opportunity for trade and travel
-imp, it allowed them to get resources (natural) that it didnt have. it lacked, timber, metals, and usable farm land
-LAND- very rugged, mainly mountains covered about 3/4 of greece, they divided the region
-played a big role in wars b/c it was hard to move through moutains with mountains in the way.
-CLIMATE- moderate, little rain, but nothing to harsh, winter was in the upper 40's. not much snow at all.
MINOANS- created elegant civilization that had great powwer that started around 3000 B.C.
-minoans influenced the mycenaeans
-writting language
-Design
-trade
-used ships to trade goods
-MYCENAEANS- were influenced by the minoans
-they came from the indo-europeans migrant
-dominated greece from 1600 BC to 1100 BC
DORIAN-
-spoke a kind of greek
-no real writting system
-focused more on story telling
-best story teller was "homer"
-gov't wenet form tribal to more formal gov't control
-a polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside. which would include nuerous villages
-citizens of the polis would come together to meet at an acropolis to discuss their city gov't not all had gov't the same
-forms of governent -state ruleld by a kind -rule is hereditary -some rulers claim that they have a divine (god has appointed them) right to rule -practiced in mycenae by 2000 BC.
aristocracy- state ruled by nobility -rule is hereditary and based on ties, social rank, wealth -practiced in athens prior to 594 BC
Oligarchy- state ruled by a small group od citizens -rule is based in wealth & or ability -ruling group controls the military -practiced in sparta by 500 BC
direct democracy- state ruled by the citizens -rule based on citizenship -majority rule decides vote - practiced in athens by 500 BC
Athens- about 600 BC athens was taking steps towards a democracy -there were ajor refoerms for the next 100 years that would eventually lead to a democracy starting around 500 BC
Key players-
Draco- developed a legal code based on te idea that all athiens, rich or poor were equal under law -he had very harsh punishments for nearly any crime -he believed in debt slavery -the word "draconian" has come to mean "extreme cruelty or severity"
-Solon- stated that no citizen should own another -organized athens into 4 social classes based on wealth -only top three classes could hold politic ofice -however all four could participate in athenian assembly
Cleisthenes- broke athens up based on region that the citizens lived instead of wealth (10 groups) -he increased power of the assembly by allowing al citizens to submit laws for debate and passage -created-- propsed laws -counseled assembly -members were chosen at random
Limited democracy- the reforms allowed for a limited democracy -but all people were citizens -Requirements--free-adult-property owner -born in athens
Sparta-located in southern part of greece -was cut off from the rest of greece by the gulf of corinth
spartan gov't- severel branches-- asembly all citizens elected officials and voted on major issues -council of elders, 30 older citizens, proposed laws on the assembly to vote on -five elected officials that carried out the laws that were passsed by the assembly -two kings that ruled over spartas military
LOOK UP QUESTIONSSSS
The goal of education in Sparta, an authoritarian, military city-state, was to
produce soldier-citizens.
In ancient Sparta, the purpose of education was to produce a well-drilled,
well-disciplined marching army. Spartans believed in a life of discipline,
self-denial, and simplicity. They were very loyal to the state of Sparta.
On the other hand, the goal of education in Athens, a democratic city-state, was
to produce citizens trained in the arts of both peace and war
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