Monday-World History Introduction
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"- Bernard Wood. Just because you can't find anything from it doesn't mean it didn't happen.
BC- Before Christ
AD-anno domini(Latin for the year of our lord)
BCE-Before common era
CE-Common era
How old id the Earth?- 4.6 billion years
Where were the oldest human fossils found?-Africa(specifically Tanzania, Ethiopia and recently Morocco)
Who found the oldest human fossils?-Louis and Mary, Donald Johanson, and numerous other scientists.
What are some of the biggest achievements in world history?- Tools, fire, language, boats(the sails), art
Louis and Mary Leakey-search for hominid(modern humans, chimps, gorillas, orangutans and their ancestors) remains in Tanzania from the 1930's- 1970's. Found human like fossils 1959, this discovery would usher many other findings over the decades.
Donald Johanson-Discovered 3.2 million year old fossil of a female skeleton in Ethiopia named"Lucy" in 1974. This was the oldest known hominid remains until 2015.
Tuesday-watch movie
Wednesday- watch movie
Thursday-Earliest Homo Sapiens- found in Morocco(Africa) June 2017. Oldest Homo sapiens fossils found so far -oldest 150,000 years ago -date back 300,000-350,000 years ago. Lots of controversy between scientists.
Agricultural/Neolithic Revolution- prior to more organized agriculture, people were nomadic and hunted animals and gathered plants hunter gatherer. They lived in groups of about 25-70 people. No one knows exactly how things changed, but about 10,000 years ago people started more organized farming. Along with planting crops, people also domesticated animals such as horses, cows, dogs, goats and pigs.
Friday-watch labor day video. Notes continued- as time went on, people started setting up villages, which then, over time, turned into towns and then some into cities.
Civilization-a highly advanced society.
5 traits of civilization- advances cities, writing/ record keeping, specialized workers, complex institutions, advanced technology.
Questions to consider- what are natural borders?- mountains and lakes. They are important because they keep other people away and everyone stays in their own area.
Civilizations arose in separate river valleys around 3500 B.C. Fertile soil, mild climate, waterway for transportation, water for crops and drinking, provided for crops and food surpluses
Fertile crescent-fertile area above Saudi Arabic
Mesopotamia- Greek for "land between 2 rivers"
City-State- a city and the surrounding territory it controls , functions like an independent country
Dynasty-a series of rulers from a single family-father to son
Cultural Diffusion-process in which ideas spread from one culture to another
Polytheism-where you believe in more than one God
Monotheism-believes in only one God
Empire-a group of countries ruled by a single ruler
Delta-area where water runs into a bigger body of water
King Narmer-untied lower and upper egypt
Pharaoh-thegod-kings of egypt
Theocracy-government headed by religious leaders
Pyramid-built with their own hands and they were tombs for paraohs
Mummification- the way they preserved a human
Hieroglyphics- What the early civilizations used to write
Papyrus-What Egyptians wrote on
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