http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=472
http://library.thinkquest.org/17126/chapter/19.html
http://www.novelguide.com/a/discover/egd_02/egd_02_00388.html
http://usgovinfo.about.com/library/weekly/bl100bush.htm
National Recovery Administration(NRA)/National Industrial Recovery Act(NIRA)-
-year passed: June 16, 1933
-basic definition: Was made to develop and administer an industrial code system that would exert controls over industrial pricing, production, trade practices, and labor relations, promoting economic recovery. NRA was among the last major pieces of legislation included in the first New Deal programs under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and one of many alphabet agencies established after taking office, to deal more effectively with the economic impact of the great depression. The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which created the NRA, declared that codes of fair competition should be developed through public hearings, and gave the Administration the power to develop voluntary agreements with industries regarding work hours, pay rates, and price fixing.
-what it specifically did(give examples): Supported workers' right to join labor unions. The NRA sought to stabilize the economy by ending ruinous competition, overproduction, labor conflicts, and deflating prices. Led by General Hugh Johnson. By midsummer 1933, over 500 industries had signed codes covering 22 million workers. By the end of the summer, the nation's ten largest industries had been won over, as well as hundreds of smaller businesses.Alienated many businesspeople. Instead of creating a smooth-running corporate state, Johnson presided over a chorus of endless squabbling. The NRA boards, which were dominated by representatives of big business, drafted codes that favored their interests over those of small competitors. Many leaders of big business resented the NRA for interfering in the private sector.
-was it successful overall(explain): No. Many quipped that the NRA stood for "national run-around." The codes abolished child labor and established the precedent of federal regulation of minimum wages and maximum hours ( 20 and 45 cents per hour, a maximum workweek of 35 to 45 hours), and boosted the labor movement by drawing large numbers of unskilled workers into unions. But the NRA codes set wages in most industries well below what labor demanded, and large occupational groups, such as farm workers, fell outside the codes' coverage.
-is it still around today: No. On May 27, 1935, in a nine to nothing decision, the justices found that Title I of NIRA, the enabling measure for NRA, was an invalid delegation of legislative power to the president and an unconstitutional regulation of intrastate commerce.
The Hundred Days- First 100 days in office. By its end, Roosevelt had passed 15 major laws, given 15 messages to Congress and 10 speeches, held press conferences and cabinet meetings twice a week and sponsored an international conference, made all major policy decisions, foreign and domestic, and, as Arthur Schlesinger notes, "never displayed fright or panic and rarely even bad temper." The Economy Act slashed salaries of government workers by 15%, reduced the size of government agencies, and reduced veteran pensions. Congress amended the Volstead Act to legalize light wines and beer. The Hundred Days shaped Roosevelt’s presidency and set a precedent for future presidents.
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