Civil Rights for African Americans: began with civil rights movements led by malcom x and martin luther king. eventually desgregated schools and such and gave African Americans the right to vote.
Civil Rights for Women: The National Organization for Women - pursued women's goals. Equal Rights Amendment. Roe v. Wade - gives women the choice to have an abortion.
Civil Rights for Latin-Americans and Native Americans: Farm Worker Movement - Latinos were given higher wages and benefits. Native Americans also spoke out in their American Indian Movement and strived to get treaty rights to maintain their land.
NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - organization for African American civil rights in the US that was established in 1909.
Martin Luther King Jr. African American Baptist minister, civil rights activist, and important leader in the African American civil rights movement. led the Montgomery Bus Boycott and gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech when he led the March on Washington. assassinated in 1968.
Malcolm X African American Muslim minister human rights activist and public speaker. advocate for African American rights and has been accused of preaching black supremacy and other stuff. spokesperson for the Nation of Islam. assassinated at the age of 39 and is considered to be one of the most influential African Americans in our nation's history.
Jackie Robinson first African American to play Major League Baseball. first appeared on the Brooklyn Dodgers team (woot woot) in 1947. inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka declared that separating public schools for black and white students is unconstitutional. got rid Plessy v. Ferguson which allowed segregation in schools. also ruled that racial segregation was a violation of the 14th Amendment.
De-segregating the US Military: The military was racially segregated in WWII but slowly African Americans soldiers were allowed in.
Little Rock 9 was a group of nine African Americans students who were enrolled at the Little Rock Central High School in 1957. This was an all-white school and the nine students were being prevented from attending by Arkansas's governor. President Eisenhower interveened. first day - they were harassed by mobs who threatened to lynch them. The little rock 9 were allowed to go there after Supreme court ruled de-segregation. Ernest Green was the first to graduate.
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott - African American an a secretary for Montomery's NAACP. 1955 - Parks was riding in a row for black people when a white man boarded the bus. The bus driver, James F. Blake made the people in her row move back to make another row for the white man (psh whatta jerk).Parks refused to move because one time Blake had drove off without her (cause hes a jerk face). arrested for "disregarding the driver's seat assignments." triggered the boycott and helped to pave the way for the civil rights movement.
Greensboro Sit-Ins: series of incidents that occured when four African American college students sat down at a "whites only" lunch counter in the Woolworth's store in Greensboro, North Carolina. when the men ordered some coffee they were refused by the staff and to top it all off the manger asked them to leave (wow...id punchi him in the face but whatever). but the men being the awesome men they are/were stayed until the store closed and THEN they brought more of their friends the next day but the staff still refused to serve them. The sit ins eventually led to protests all across the South. but finally Woolsworth desegregated their lunch counters because the Supreme court decided to pull their heads out of their buts and rule segregation unconstitutional.
Freedom Rides: Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who tested the decision made in the case of Boynton v. Virginia - outlawed the racial segregation of restaurants and waiting rooms in terminals for buses that crossed state lines. So the freedom Riders rode interstate buses from Nothern states to Southern states to challenge the laws that enforced segregation. this really upset the white population and the riders were arrested for trespassing and violating Jim Crow Laws.
Birmingham, Alabama in 1963: Birmingham became the center of the civil rights movement and the struggle for African Americans. Fred Shuttlesworth, asked Martin Luther King Jr. to come to Birmingham and help out - together they led a huge attack on the Jim Crow system with their "Project Confrontation". Over the course of a two month period, daily sit-ins, marches, and mass protests were organized. Police resisted using tear gas, attack dogs, and arrested more than 3,000 people, most of which were high-school students. riots and protests led to the desegregation of public facilities in Birmingham AND the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Martin Luther King wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail and sadly, four black girls were killed by a bomb.
Mississippi Summer Project: Freedom Project - campaign where they tried to register as many black voters as possible could in Mississippi. project also set up schools, and houses in small towns throughout the state to help the African American population in the area. opposed by NAACP still contributed to the civil rights movement in Mississippi.
Selma, Alabama in 1965: More than half of Selma's residents were black but their public facilities were still strickly segregated. After being denied voting opportunities, about 3,200 people marched to Montgomery. The group treked 12 miles per day, reaching the capital four days later. By then the group had grown to over 25,000.
Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlawed discrimination in the voting process.
Civil Right Act of 1964 outlwed racial segregation in schools, businesses, and public facilities.
Stokely Carmichael activist in the American Civil Rights Movement and was a leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, became the Honorary Prime Minister of the Black Panther Party. coined the term "Black Power".
The Black Panther Party was an African American organization and was heavily involved in the Black Power movement as well as in US politics. They helped with many social programs within their community and worked to improve the health and public image of the black community. Free Breakfast for Children program.
Affirmative Action - benefits minorities that have been discriminated against and gives them an equal opportunity in the government, education, and employment.
Jesse Jackson was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist. participated in the Selma marches to Mongomery nominated for the Democratic presidential candidacy in 1984
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