Cold War
Definition: A political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union. Spread throughout the world- Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America.
COMMUNISM VS. DEMOCRACY
(not many right,s | (people get to vote for rulers, vote, FREEDOM)
government over |
powered) |
SOCIALISM VS. CAPITALISM
(the government | (people own business's)
owns business) |
CAUSES of the Cold War
- -different political systems
- -US is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom
- - USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control
- -both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions
- -stalin despised capitalism
- stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the yalta confrence
- american fear of a communist attack (red scare) and USSR's fear of a US attack
- USSR's fear of the atomic bomb
- USSR's actions in their german zone
- USSR's goal to spread communism around the world
- This feeling of suspicion lead to mutual distrust and this did a great deal to deepen the cold war
Post WWII/ Cold war Goals for US
- wanted to promote open markets for us goods to prevent another depression
- spread communism around the world
- establish defensible borders
- to create a better security for itself.
Yalta Conference
Feb 1945
- Before the end of WWll, Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt met at Yalta to plan what should happen when the war ended.
They agreed on many points:
1. The establishment of the United Nations
2. Germany to be divided into four zones
3. Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe.
4. Russia promised to join the war against Japan.
KEY TERMS
CIA - The Central Intelligence Agency of the US federal government. Late 40's. Gather intelligence from other countries.They spied on communist countries.
Iron Curtain Speech - Winston churchill speech. It means a curtain falls and splits Europe into two sides.
Domino Theory (effect)- If one country goes into communism, all countries around will do the same like domino's.
Policy of Containment - US foreign policy that said that communism government will fall apart if we can contain them.
Truman Doctrine - a speech to protect with money and aid, Greece and Turkey to stop them from becoming communism.
Marshall Plan - Aid Europe with financial aid to help them after WW11, so we stop the spread of communism.
Brinkmanship- Pushing you to the brink of war, but you don't do it.
Massive retaliation/Mutual deterrence/ Mutual Assured Destruction- if both countries have nuclear weapons so it cancels them out.
NATO - organization made to work against aggression with the communist. alliance = North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
Warsaw Pact- alliance with the soviets and eastern Europe. The two alliance's sides.
KGB- Soviet agency like the FBI to the soviets
Peaceful coexistence- competition without war. 1944ish.
de-stalinziation-
detente
perestroika
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