Apr 25- Notes
Truman Doctrine
In 1947, the British were helping the Greek government fight against communist guerillas
They appealed to AMerica for aid and we responded with the Truman Doctrine
Greece received large amounts of arms and supplies, and by 1949 had defeated the communists
Marshall Plan
US secretary of State Marshall announced the Marshall Plan
This was a massive economic aid plan for Europe to help it recover from WWII
There were 2 motives
Helping Europe to recover economically would provide markets for American goods, benefitting american industry
A prosperous Europe would be better able to resist the spread of communism
Brinkmanship
Going to the edge of war, without declaring war
Threatened nuclear war, soviets backed down
Massive Retaliation/ Mutual Deterrence/ Mutual Assured Destruction
Each side will attack back
Because of that no one will use the nuclear warfare
Everyone would die
NATO
US alliance with Western Europe
First peacetime alliance in history
CIA vs KGB
- Central Intelligence agency- spies
Apr 26- Notes
Nikita Khrushchev
Took over after Stalin
De-Stalinization
Peaceful Co-existence
Detente
Easing of tensions
Looking better- 1970’s
Peace deals
Not liked by Regan because it creates two worlds, free and communist
Mikhail Gorbachev
1985, brought about change in Russia
Perestroika and Glasnost
Restructuring of the Soviet economy and political system
More democracy and free elections
More openness of the Soviet government and for it’s people
Free speech and press
USSR’s First Atomic Test
Got it 4 or 5 years before we predicted
Bomb shelters were built
Assumed world war III
Nuclear Powers of the World (original)
US
Russia
UK
France
China
(non-original)
India
Pakistan
North Korea
Israel?
- Iran?
Apr 27- Notes
Nuclear Power Treaties
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Started underground nuclear testing
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology
Promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
Further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament
Anti-Ballistic Missile- US/USSR
Limited weapons that would seek out and destroy nuclear weapons once launched
In the 1980’s Reagan announces the Strategic Defense Initiative
US withdraws in 2002 under Bush
Withdrew due to missile defense system
The Ballistic Missile Defense System
Program is designed to counter any nuclear missile attacks on the US or allies
SALT I
Froze the number of strategic ballistic middile launchers at existing levels
Limited new submarines-launched ballistic Missile
SALT II
Was signed but never ratified by Congress
Due to Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in 1979
Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty- 1996
Signed by Clinton
Not ratified by the Senate
Senate reasoning: “A ban on testing would damage the safety and reliability of Americas’s existing nuclear arsenal”
International Atomic Energy Agency- 1957
Makes sure countries follow rules
INF Treaty- 1987
Eliminated nuclear missiles with intermediate ranges
USSR and US
The START Treaties
Resulted in the removal of 80 percent of all strategic nuclear weapons in existence
SORT
Strategic Offensive REductions Treaty
Russia and US
Stockpile of both deployed and reserve nuclear weapons
New START
Signed by Obama and Russian President Medvedev
The number of strategic missile launchers will be reduced by half
A new inspection and verification system will be established
Lasts until 2021
United Nations
World wide peace-keeping organization
Has a military force
US is a member
END OF KEY TERMS
The First Berlin Crisis
Stalin blockades the city
Would could drive through the blockade but that would mean war
US began air dropping supplies to West Berlin
- Stalin admitted defeat because he didn’t want war
Apr 28- Work day
Apr 29- Work day
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