Monday-Friday: Work days/present
- Germany was never strong after WW2
- Broke into two zones
- West/ East Germany
- West Germany had help from the Marshall plan
- East didn't
- 1948 Stalin wants all of Berlin
- Blockades - an act of war
- Cut off all transportation needs in west Germany from US
Berlin Blockade and airlift
- Stalin blocks trade from US to west Germany
- Airlift supplies in
- Stalin admitted defeat
- Took down blockade
Bay of Pigs 1961
- A body of water in Cuba
- Cuba had become communist
- US didn't like it
- Fidel Castro was leader of Cuba
- Cuban exiles were trained by the CIA
- Invade and overthrow Castro
- Asked SU to bring in nuclear weapons
- Did not give air support to Cubans
Berlin Wall
- People wanted freedom
- "No one will be left if we don't build this wall" -SU
- If people tried to escape, they would be killed
- Totally cut off from other cities
- 1989 Berlin wall falls
- Symbol end of cold war
Red Scare/McCarthyism
- McCarthyism- accusing people without evidence
- Rosenberg's were caught as SU spies
- Were executed
- Iron Curtain was a cause
- China became communist
- USSR's First atomic bomb test
- 1949
- Alien Registration Act of 1940 (Smith Act)
- Made it illegal to talk about overthrowing the gov.
- Took away free speech
- Senator Joe McCarthy
- Against communism
- Senator from Wisconsin
- Gave a speech that has a list of 205 communists in the state department
- One of the most powerful people in the US
- Downfall of McCarthy
- Accused people in the US military of being communist
- Started loosing support
- Died of alcohol abuse in 1957
- Accused people in the US military of being communist
- HUAC
- Concerned with communist propaganda films
- Hollywood Ten
- Questioned people accused of communist
- Blacklist
- Could not work
- Charlie Chaplin
- Career was ruined by communism
- Blacklisted
- Forced out of the country
China
- Chiang Kia Shek
- Was not communist
- Moa Zedong
- Killed over 60 million people in China
- The Culture Revolution
- Making people following the government
- The Great Leap Forward
- Farmers to plow fields
- Using all of their iron to make steel
- Fought from 1928-1937
- Invaded by Japan
- WW2 started
- Invaded by Japan
- They worked together
- Split after WW2
- Moa Zedong wins
- Richard Nixon visits China in 1972- Detente
Cuban Missile Crisis
- Cuba had nuclear missiles
- Kennedy did not like it
- Last minute Compromise
- Soviets would remove missiles from Cuba
- US promise no to invade Cuba
- US would secretly remove our nuclear missiles from Turkey within 6 months
Korean War Conflict
- Invaded by Japan from 1910- 1945
- After WW2, was split into two
- USSR north
- US south
- United Nations held and election in 1948
- North communist'
- Kim Jong il
- South democratic
- Sungmann Reed
- North communist'
- North Korea invades
- Succeeds
- South invades
- Succeeds
- Back to normal
- North Korea Leaders
- Kim ll Sung
- Ruled 1948-1994
- Kim Jong il
- Ruled 1994-2011
- Kim Jong-un
- Took office in 2011
- Nuclear aggressiveness
- "Deadly Nuclear Catastrophe
- Killed his uncle in 2013]
- Kim ll Sung
- Six party talks
- US, SK, NK, China, Russia, Japan
- Agrees to halt nuclear weapons in exchange for fuel and food (resources)
- Dennis Rodman's basketball diplomacy
- Not politicians
- "Kim is a good guy"
- Open the doors for politicians down the road
Vietnam War
- 1950-1975
- US goal was to contain communism
- Communist north Vietnamese wanted to spread communism
- Who fought:
- US armed forces fights
- Vietcong and North Vietnamese army
- Geneva Conference 1954
- Vietnam split at the 17th parallel line
- Diem in south
- Ho Chi Minh in north
- Set up election to unify the country
- Election never happened
- Vietnam split at the 17th parallel line
- Ho Chi Minh
- "Uncle Ho"
- Very wealthy
- Communist
- Asked for independence from France
- They said no
- Goes to SU in learning the art of revolution
- Helps China become communist
- Escalation
- US started small and got more and more into the war
- Truman began US involvement by sending money to French
- Eisenhower sent military advisers to give support to Diem's gov in south
- Kennedy sent advisers and special operation forces (green berets)
- Johnson sent more and more combat forces
- Nixon promised to end the war by pulling troops out
- But expanded the war bombing Louse and Cambodia
- Vietcong
- Communist in the south that US was fighting
- US enemy
- Difficult to define them because of how they dressed
- Dressed like peasants
- Guerilla Warfare
- Attack and retreat
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
- An American ship was attacked by north Vietnamese torpedoes
- Congress passed in 1964
- Congress giving permission to president to wage war
- President Lyndon Johnson
- "We're don't need to get involved"
- Didn't want to get involved in the war
- At least that's what he told the people
- General William Westmoreland
- Wanted more troops
- Tet Offensive
- A huge offense that the Vietnamese put upon the US
- Tet is a holiday and it happened on that day
- Vietcong attacked cities
- Negative battle for US
- Pentagon Papers
- A leak to the New York Times
- Top secret information was leaked to the US
- Was published
- People were negative towards the US government
- The Plumbers
- Do what they had to do to stop the press leaks
- Operation Rolling Thunder
- The code name for the non-stop bombing raids in North Vietnam by US
- Purpose was to destroy the will of them to fight
- Destroy industrial bases and air defenses
- Was not successful
- They never surrendered so US left
- Ho Chi Minh Trail
- Anti-War
- People were against war because:
- Tet offense- US gov lied to people
- Pentagon Papers- No trust in US gov
- Killing innocent people
- Supporting bad gov in south
- The power of the press
- Nixon promising to end war but just expanded it
- People were against war because:
- Agent Orange
- A gas that was used to kill plants
- Easier for the enemy to hide
- Napalm
- A sticky fire substance
- My Lai Massacre
- Vietnam War Protesters
- Kent St. University Protest/Massacre
- President Richard Nixon
- Mad about the leak
- Vietnamization
- Paris Peace Accords- 1973
- The French Connection
- France gained control of Indochina in colonial wars
After War
- Mikhail Gorbachev
- Leader of USSR
- Wanted to allow change
- Ended SU
- Boris Yelstin
- President of Russia 1991-99
- First elected democratic
- Why did US win Cold war?
- Had close allies
- Canada
- France
- China
- Soviet economy was failing
- US had technology
- Russia didn't
- They had inflation
- They had bad gov
- Russian people demanded change
- Arms Reduction Talks
- Dropped out of START treaty
- Reduced nuclear missiles
- Soviet Mistakes
- Invasion in Afghanistan
- Ignoring social concerns
- Spent all $ on military
- Had close allies
Post-Cold War 1990's
- Much more peaceful place
- President Clinton closed down military bases
- 9/11 messed it up
- Fall on SU and communism have on the world
- New countries broke out of the USSR
- Ukraine
- Moldova
- Uzbekistan
- Georgia
- Armenia
- East and West Germany re-united
- World became more peaceful and independent
- Rise of Islamic groups
- Taliban
- Al-Qaeda
- US became the major power of the world
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