Monday- I was gone, but i received information about the Decades project from my group.
Tuesday- I started the WWII test, while the rest of the class took notes. I got my notes from Kara Rueschenberg
The Cold War, 1945-1990, US v. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- The Cold War Definition
- A political (US democracy v. USSR communism), strategic, and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union from 1945-1990
- Spread throughout the world- Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America
- Communism v. Democracy
- Democracy: form of government in which people have the ultimate say
- Theory of Communism: the poor will rise up and overthrow the rich and create a classist society where everyone is equal
- Practice of Communism: dictatorship, no freedoms, not a lot of opportunities
- Laos, North Korea, Vietnam, Cuba, China
- Socialism v. Capitalism
- Capitalism: people own businesses, income inequality
- Socialism: everyone is paid equally, everything is provided
- History of the Soviet Union
- Bolshevik Revolution
- Lenin goes to Russia and starts the communist revolution
- Russia drops out of WWI to fight in the Bolshevik revolution
- Communists win
- Lenin takes over
- Stalin takes power
- Starts purging people he can't trust
- Starts collectivization (government taking farms)
- Starts nationalization (government takes businesses)
- Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
- War with Germany in WWII after Germany invaded them
- Battle of Berlin (April-May, 1945)- USSR wins
- Bolshevik Revolution
- Causes of the Cold War
- Different political systems
- US is based on democracy, capitalism, and freedom
- USSR is based on dictatorship, communism, and control
- The Red Scare- 1919
- US was fearful that communism was going to come to the US
- We stopped immigration
- We had the Palmer Raids where we deported communists and radicals
- Took away people's rights
- Both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions
- Stalin despised capitalism
- Distrust during WWII, lack of communication
- Worked together reluctantly
- Stalin was ticked off (he thought US was playing games in North Africa and Italy, he thought US should be invading France)
- Promised to declare war on Japan but didn't until after US dropped atomic bombs
- Wouldn't allow US planes to land in USSR
- Had a spy at Los Alamos (atomic bomb)
- Stalin breaking his promise to allow free election at the Yalta Conference
- American fear of a communist attack (Red Scare) and USSR's fear of a US attack
- USSR's fear of the atomic bomb
- USSR's actions in their German zone
- USSR's goal to spread communism around the world
- Different political systems
Wednesday- I finished the WWII Test, and got notes from Kara Rueschenberg
The Cold War (continued)
- Yalta Conference
- February 1945
- Before the end of WWII, Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt met at Yalta to plan what should happen after the war ended. They agreed on many points:
- 1. The establishment of the United Nations
- 2. Germany to be divided into four zones
- 3. Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe
- 4. Russia promised to join the war against Japan
- Cold War Terms
- The "West"
- America, Canada, Britain, France, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Denmark, Norway, and Italy
- The "East"
- Soviet Union, East Germany, Eastern Europe
- The "West"
- If the Cold War Would've Been WWIII...
- NATO v. Warsaw Pact
- Warsaw- "the East"
- NATO (North Atlanitc Treaty Organization)- "the West
- NATO v. Warsaw Pact
- Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US
- Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
- Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa
- Stop the spread of communism
- Policy of Containment
- Post WWII/Cold War Goals for the USSR
- Wanted to create greater security for itself
- lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin's purges
- feared a strong Germany
- Establish defensible borders
- Encourage friendly governments on its borders
- Spread communism around the world
- Wanted to create greater security for itself
- Key Terms
- Iron Curtain Speech
- Domino Theory (Effect)
- Policy of Containment
- Truman Doctrine
- Marshall Plan
- Brinkmanship
- Massive retaliation/Mutual Deterrence/Mutual Assured Destruction
- NATO v. Warsaw Pact
- CIA v. KGB
- Peaceful coexistence
- De-Stalinization
- Detente
- Perestroika
- Glasnost
- Nuclear Test Ban Treaty- 1963
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty- 1968
- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (Treaty)- 1972
- Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty- 1972
- Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty- 1996
- Missile Defense System
- Iron Curtain Speech
- Winston Churchill
- 1946
- Speech by Churchill talking about Eastern Europe (communist) and Western Europe (democratic)
- You could not travel between the two sides
- Domino Effect
- Eisenhower
- 1952
- If one country becomes communist, all the rest will follow (like dominoes)
- Policy of Containment
- 1946
- The US wanted to contain communism
- Truman Doctrine
- In 1947, the British were helping the Greek government fight against communist guerrillas
- They appealed to America for aid and we responded with the Truman Doctrine
- Greece received large amounts of arms and supplies, and by 1949 had defeated the communists
- This also happened in Turkey
- Marshall Plan
- In 1947, US Secretary of State Marshall announced the Marshall Plan
- This was a massive economic aid plan for Western Europe to help it recover from the damage caused by the war
- There were two motives for this:
- Helping Europe to recover economically would provide markets for American goods, benefiting American industry
- A prosperous Europe would be better able to resist the spread of communism
- Brinkmanship
- 1950's-1960's
- Massive Retaliation/Mutual Deterrence/Mutual Assured Destruction
- NATO
- In 1949, the Western nations formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to coordinate their defense against Russia
- NATO was a defensive alliance
- This was the first peacetime alliance in US History
- It consisted of:
- America, Canada, Britain, France, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Denmark, Norway, and Italy
- Still around today and has expanded
- It consisted of:
Thursday- Our group began work on the Decades Project
Friday- Continue working on the Decades Project
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