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HOLOCAUST
- Genocide- systematic killing of a certain group of people
- Member countries must "undertake to prevent and punish"
- Hitler killed
- Jews
- Gypsies
- Mentally/Physically handicapped
- Soviet Slavs/POW's/Troops
- Poles
- Homosexuals
- Communists/Socialists
- Dark skinned people
- Mixed races
- Jehovah's Witnesses
- Aryan Race
- So-called master race that originated around Germany
- Perfect Aryan was blonde, blue-eyed, tall and muscular
- Original term refers to a people speaking a Indo-European dialect
- Lebensborn- Fount of Life
- Program aimed to promote the growth of "superior" Aryan
- Populations by providing excellent health care and living conditions to women and by restricting access to those deemed "fit"
- Houses were set up throughout Germany and many occupied territories
- Many Lebensborn children were born to unwed mothers which helped lead to many rumors of rape
- Contrary to widespread rumors
- Hitler's Jewish Question- 1933
- Nazis "temporarily" suspend civil liberties for all citizens in 1933- never restored
- Nazis set up the first concentration camp at Dachau in 1933. The first inmates are 200 communists
- Jews are prohibited from working as civil servants, doctors in the National Health Service, and teachers in public high schools
- Most Jewish students are banned from public high schools and colleges
- Nuremberg Laws- 1935
- Took away German citizenship from Jews, 2nd class citizens by removing their basic civil rights
- Established membership in the Jewish race as being anyone who either considered themselves Jewish or had 3 or 4 Jewish grandparents. People with one or 2 Jewish grandparents were considered to be mixed race
- Jews could only marry Jews
- No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews
- 1936
- Nazis boycott Jewish-owned businesses
- Kristallnacht- 1938
- "Night of the Broken Glass"
- Nights of November 9-10, 1938, Nazis roamed through Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows of Jewish businesses and homes, burning synagogues and looting
- 101 Synagogues were destroyed and almost 7,500 Jewish businesses were destroyed
- 26,000 Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps
- Jews were physically attacked and beaten and 91 died in the attack
- 1938
- All Jewish children are expelled from public schools in Germany and Austria
- Nazis take control of Jewish-owned businesses
- Hitler's Final Solution
- Genocide
- 1939
- Hitler orders the systematic murder of the mentally and physically disabled in Germany and Austria
- Jews are required to wear armbands or yellow stars
- 1940
- Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland
- Jews are forced into ghettos
- Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland
- 1941
- Jews throughout Eastern Europe are forced into ghettos
- 2 days, German units shoot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at BabiYar- largest single massacre of the Holocaust
- 1942
- Nazis official announce "Final Solution" - their plan to kill all European Jews
- 5 death camps begin in Poland
- Ghettos in Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews are shipped to death camps
- US, GB, and SU acknowledge that Germans are exterminating the Jews of Europe
- 1943
- Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of deportations. These Jews hold out for nearly a month before the Nazis put down the uprising
- 1944
- Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews
- 1945
- Hitler is defeated and WWII ends in Europe
- Holocaust is over and the death camps are found and emptied
- Many survivors are placed in displaced persons camps until they find a country willing to accept them
- 1947
- United Nations establishes a Jewish Homeland in British- controlled Palestine, which becomes the State of Israel in 1948
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