WWII Major Battle/Opperations - Operation Varsity (invasion of western Germany past the Rhine River) - March
German U-Boats - After repeated attacks by German U-boats on U.S. ships in the Fall of 1941, FDR announced that he had ordered the U.S. Navy to attack German and Italian war ships
Hunter-Killer Convoy Groups - Hunter-killer group would typically be formed around an escort aircraft carriers that would provide aerial reconnaissance and air cover for the convoy group. Hunter-killer groups consist of: Corvettes, destroyers, destroyer escorts, frigates. U.S. Coast Guard Cutters ared with depth charges and Hegdehog anti-submarine mortar
Allied Intelligence - Churchill and Roosevelt knew the importance of intelligence in safeguarding Allied commerce to defeat the Axis powers. the Allies shared information from RADAR and High Frequency Radio Direction Finding (HF/DF or "huff duff"). RADAR provided a means of detecting vessels and aircraft above the surface. HF/DF was used to locate the sources of enemy radio transmissions such as submarines. Allied intelligence leaders began sharing code-breaking secrets, known as "very special intelligence" and classified under cover names like "ULTRA" and "MAGIC"
Enigma - System in which Germany transferred their information through codes.
D-Day - The "D" stands for Day - the Day of Days.
Major Generals: United States - Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar Bradley. The United Kingdom - Bernard Law Montgomery, Germany - Erwin Rommel
By June 11, with the beachheads firmly secured. Paris was liberated on August 25. Germany had surrendered on May 8, 1945
Battle of the Bulge Facts - The coldest, snowiest weather "in memory" in the Ardennes Forest on the German/Belgium border. Over a million men, 500,000 Germans, 600,000 Americans (more than fought at Gettysburg) over 55,000 British. 100,000 German casualties, killed wounded or captured. The Malmedy Massacre
Yalta Conference - February, 1945 - At the end of WWII, Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt met at Yalta, USSR to plan what should happen when the war ended. They agreed on the following: 1.) The establishment of the United Nations 2.) Germany to be divided into four zones. 3.) Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe.
Women in WWII - Rosie the Riveter - Represented women workers in WWII.
War Production was one of the most important reason why we won the war.
OPA and Rationing - The Office of Price Administration was established in 1941 to control prices of goods. Food rationing included restrictions on sugar and meat; clothing rationing restricted silk and nylon. Gasoline rationing began in May 1942 - five gallons per week. Gas rationing was about saving rubber, not gas. A black market developed in stolen/counterfeit stickers that were used in up to 30% of gasoline sales. A-sticker - Most common of the WW2 gas ration stickers. Issued to the general public. 3 gallons of gasoline per week.
War Finance Committee and War Bonds - Over the course of the war, 85 million Americans purchased bonds totaling about $185 billion. Helped pay for the war. I was an investment for US citizens.
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