Apr 4- Took notes
Battle of Leyte Gulf- Taking back the Phillipines
Okinawa- Japanese island, close enough to invade
Operation Downfall- didn’t take place because of the bombs
VJ day- september 2
Potsdam Conference
Announced terms for Japan’s surrender
US would occupy Japan
Dismantle current government (Hirohito was allowed to stay)
Japan will only consist of the major islands
Military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return home
War crimes trials
Democracy will be promoted
Allowed to have industry so they can pay reparations
Occupation will end once the accomplished all the points above
- “The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.” -Truman
Nazi Part- 3rd Reich
12 years- shortest reich
Turning point- 1944
Treaty of Versailles
Land and colonies was taken away from Germany
Lost land to France, Belgium, Denmark, Czechoslovakia, and Poland
Limited to 10,000 army men
Not allowed tanks
No air force
Invaded Rhineland
Had to pay 33 billion dollars
Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
“War Guilt Clause”
- League of Nations was set up to keep world peace
Apr 5-
German reaction to the Treaty of Versailles
Anger throughout Germany
Seen by many Germans as being forced on them and had no choice
Many didn’t want it signed
German representatives in Paris knew that they had no choice as Germany was incapable of restarting the war again
Many right wing groups such as the Nazis believed in the Stab in the Back Theory
Blamed the Weimer Republic
Hitler
Born in Austria in 1889
Beaten as a child
His parents died by the time he was 20
Was a struggling painter
Found his calling in the military in WWI
Joined the Nazi party
Quickly rose in the ranks
Beer Hall Putsch
Hitler tries to overthrow the government
Unsuccessful
Thrown in prison
Sentenced to 5 years but served 9 months
Wrote is anti semitic book Mein Kampf
Rise to Power
Drops out to the League of Nations
Begins to start army
Rearms the Rhineland area
Anschluss with Austria
United with Austria
Sudetenland Crisis
Reuniting german speaking people
Taking a part of czechoslovakia
Munich Conference
Hitler was given the Sudetenland
Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories
Hitler wanted to re-unite all German speaking people
Became known as the Policy of Appeasement
Hitler Takes over all of Czechoslovokia
This is when they knew he was lying
The next thing would mean war
Hitler invaded Poland
Soviet-German nonaggression Pact
Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
Secretly agreed to invade and split poland.
Russia would get Finland, Estonia, and Latvia and Germany would get Lithuania
- Hitler thought no one would declare war because of this
Apr 6- Career Day
Apr 7- Took notes
How did the world react to this pact?
Shock
Poland was scared
Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
Blitzkrieg
Lightning war
Come on fast so their opponent would believe they didn’t have a chance
Bomb transportation, communication and military bases
Invade from Germany with infantry and tanks
Go inland and trap them on both sides
Phony War
Everyone declared war but no one was attacking
Waiting out the winter
Ends in the spring with Germany taking over countries
Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium***
Triparite Pact
Japan joins the Axis Powers 1940
Maginot Line
France built along the French-German border’
By passes it by going threw Belgium
Concrete barriers to stop tanks
Miracle of Dunkirk
Hitler orders troops to stop and wait for tanks
This allowed thousands of people to evacuate to Great Britain
Divided France
Vichi French- Leader, Henri Petain
Allies with the Nazis
Helped Japanese in southeast Asia
Free French- leader, Charles DeGualle
Allies
Fled to Great Britain
The Maquis
Underground resistance members fighting against Germany
Axis Invasion of the Balkans
Land by italy Taken over by Axis Powers
Nazi Goals for the Battle of Britain
Destroy the Royal Air Force- Never succeeded, started bombing at night only because so many were getting shot down
Attack and destroy the British Navy and troops- GB was aided by radar and Ultra
Once control was gained, the invasion of Great Britain would begin
- Constant bombing campaign
Apr 8-
Luftwaffe
German airforce
Results of Battle of Britain
Germany decided to focus on attacking British ships and parts and thus stopped attacking cities
Britain won by the fact that Germany did not achieve their goals
German Invasion of USSR
Operation Barbarossa
Battle of Moscow
The Soviet Winter Conunter offensive- 3 years of pushing back
Teh Russian winter set in
Stalingrad
Worst battle in history
Leningrad
Surrounded the city
Starve them into submission
North Africa Campaign
Erwin Romwell- German
42-43
Operation Torche
Italian Campaign
Operation Avalanche
Italy surrendered but was not freed
Assassination Plot
Romwell’s name was found on an assassination plot
Killed by the Nazis
Briefcase bomb
Survived the blast
Liberation of Paris
Took 2 and a half months to get from the beaches to Paris
Battle of the Bulge
Caused a lot of US casualties
Last German offensive
Russian and US soldiers meet at the Elbe River
Germany
End of the war
Let USSR go into Berlin
Hitler commits suicide
April 30, 1945
Holocaust
The genocide of approximately 6 million Jews
- A program of systematic state-sponsored extermination by Nazi Germany throughout Nazi-occupied territory
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