Monday-Hoover's presidency- Hoover Moratorium-1 year halt on German war payments to France. 1 year halt on war payments from Great Britain and France to the US. Mexican Repatriation-Mexican immigrants were encouraged/forced to go back to Mexico. Revenue Act of 1932-Increased taxes so US gov't had money. Hawley-Smoot Tariff-raised tariffs to record levels. Trickle down economics-Gave loans to banks, state and local govt's, and business' to create projects/jobs fro people, gave states loans fro emergency relief needs. Started under Hoover, not as successful as Hoover had hoped, dissolved in 1946 after WW2. Hoover dam-located near Las Vegas, the Hoover dam project including the dam, the All-American canal, the town of Boulder city, highways, railroads and various other works, cost $165 million to build, There was a lot of Dam projects because it was paying for itself. 3 R's were the goals of the new deal-Relief for the needy, Economic recovery, Financial reform. FDR's Brain Trust-surrounded himself with a ll the smart people of the country. Republicans knew FDR was taking things too far and that the government was too big. But other people thought he was doing nothing wrong and that he needed to do more. What were some of the reasons the New Deal was challenged?- the president became too powerful and the government was getting to big, some of the things he was doing was unconstitutional, and there was a massive debt. Huey long was the Robin Hood wanted to give money to the government instead of the millionaires keeping it, he was killed before he could run for president. Eleanor Roosevelt-was the eyes and ears fro FDR.
Tuesday-
How did the new deal help-
Unemployed people-Reconstruction Finance Corporation(RFC)-Gave loans to banks to create jobs for people, gave states loans for emergency relief needs, started under Hoover. Dissolved after WW2. Civilian Conservation Corps(CCC)-created in 1933 during the 100 days, the CCC was limited to young men at age 18 to 25 whose fathers were on relief, CCC members worked 40 hours a week and were paid $30 a month, with the requirement that $25 of that be sent home to the family, members lived in camps, wore uniforms, and lived under military discipline, the U>S Army operated the camps, planted trees, fought forest fires, stopped soil erosion, helped construct military bases during WW2, funding stopped in 1942, their slogan was:"we can take it!" Federal Emergency Relief Act(FERA)-created in 1933, FERA distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to the unemployed, this turn would help the unemployed to find new jobs, FERA had three primary objectives: 1.direct relief measures 2.provide work for unemployable people 3.provide many different types of relief programs
Young people-National Youth Administration(NYA)-created in 1935 and was part of the WPA, pushed heavily by Eleanor Roosevelt, served 327,000 high school and college youth who were paid $6-$40 a month for "work study" projects at their schools, it allowed thousands of young people to stay in school, another 155,000 boys and girls from relief families were paid $10-$25 a month for a part-time work that included job training, unlike CCC it included young women, the youth normally lived at home, and worked on construction or repair projects.
Wednesday-
Banks/Stock Markets-Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC)-Created in 1933, insured people's money in banks up to $1000(today up to $250,000), passed in response to the bank failures after the stock market crash, insures money in savings and checking accounts, money market accounts and CD's. Federal Securities Act-passed in 1933, made the stock market a safer place for people to invest their money TWO GOALS:1. "required that investors receive significant information regarding securities being offered for public sale" 2."prohibited deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public." Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)-Established in 1934 and is still around today, this organization regulates the stock market(made the market more secure)
Factory Workers-National Industrial Recovery Act(NIRA)-Established "codes of fair competition" treating your workers well and made sure prices are fair. Businesses which voluntarily compiled could display the Blue Eagle. Guaranteed workers the right to unionize. National Labor Relations Act/Board (NLRA(B)-established in 1935, conducts elections for unions, stresses collective bargaining, investigates and fixes unfair labor practices, governed by a five-person board whose members are appointed by the President. Fair Labor Standards ACT (FLSA)-established a national minimum wage-40 cents/hour(during the great depression), 40 hour work week, guaranteed time and half for overtime in certain jobs, prohibited most child labor, still exists today.
Thursday-
Farmers-farm Security Admin.(FSA)-granted small farmers and tenant farmers money to purchase farms, the FSA documented the struggles farmers had by taking photos of their conditions, took people from the city and moved them to cooperative farming communities. Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act-told farmers how to plant better, 3 years later soil erosion dropped by 65%. Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)- created electricity, by created dams. Rural Electrification Admin.(REA)- created in 1935, provided farms with inexpensive electric lighting and power and eventually telephone services, brought power to the rural areas(country). Agricultural Adjustment Act(AAA)-established in 1933, reduce crop surplus so prices would go up, payed them to plant less, payed to destroy crops and livestock in an attempt to reduce surpluses, animals were killed to raise prices but it was super affected, cotton farmers plowed under a quarter of their crop, people saw the AAA as cruel, people in the cities were starving and the federal government was destroying crops and livestock in the country, farm prices doubled (1933-1935).
Homeowners-Home owner's loan corporation(HOLC)-home loan required a 50% down payment and had to be paid off by 5-7 ears at an interest rate of 6-8%, prevented homes from foreclosure, extended loans from 5-30 years. Federal Housing Admin.(FHA)-created in 1934, goals were to improve housing standards and conditions and to provide and adequate home financing system, became part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD) and is still around today. United States Housing Authority(USHA)-lend money to states and cities to build low income homes, created jobs a was good for the people getting the homes.
Elderly-Social Security Admin.(SSA)-provided retirement, disability and survivors' benefits, to qualify for these most American workers pay Social Security taxes on their earnings, future benefits are based on employees' contributions, each person is given a Social Security number.
Consumers-Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act(FFDCA)created in 1938, gave food and drug admin. power to regulate these industries, mandated a review of the safety of all new drugs before going to the market, banned bad drugs, set standards for food and cosmetics.
Native Americans-Indian Reorganization Act(IRA)-created in 1934, abolished the Dawes Act and allowed the native American to govern themselves on a tribal basis, allowed Native American to manage and keep their own land, Included provisions to help create job opportunities on Indian Reservations ,this has led to many casinos on Indian Reservations, the act is still around to today.
Friday-No school
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