Dorian age rich used bronze weapons. Found iron it was cheaper and more durable. phalanx battle formation was created. spear in one hand shield in other.
Persian war was between Greece and Persian empire. Persians concurred Greeks around 546BC. Darius the great stopped the revolt then vowed to destroy Athens. 490 BC Persian fleet landed in Marathon and Athenians killed 6000 of the Persians only 200 Athenians died. Athenians used new formations and used iron and bronze armor. Persians used cloth materials. Marathon was won but had left city unprotected. Persians attacked once again but fled again. 10 years later Xerxes came to power and went to finished what his father could not. Greece didn't know what to do some thought to fight Persians some thought to let them burn city and others went to fight for Persia.
Battle of Thermopylae was a narrow mountain pass. 7000 Greeks and 300 Spartans stood in way of Xerxes army to push to Athens. A traitor went to tell Xerxes and the Spartans told the Greeks to go home they would hold there and die. Made a great impression on Greeks. Battle of Salamis Greeks abandon Athens and went out and waited for the Persians and sunk and killed 1/3 of army.
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