9-3 to 9-7

[6jandy]

Tuesday 9/4

• Presidents term is 4 years
• Must be 35 years old
• 10 years is the longest they can serve
• Franklin D. Roosevelt served 12 years – the longest
• Presidential powers
  • Sign/veto laws
  • Commander in chief of US military
  • Grant pardons
  • Make treaties
  • Appoint federal officers
  • Ensure laws are executed

Supreme court

• No qualifications to be in the US supreme court
• Nominated by the president okay’d by the senate
• Lose job by death
• Powers the supreme court has
  • Apelet court – try for a different outcome
• Current chief justice of the US supreme court = John G. Roberts

US Construction

• Supreme law of the US
• Sets up our government and its responsibilities
• Protects states and people’s rights through the amendment process
• “living” document

10 ammendments

1. Freedom of speech, religion, press, assemble, petition
2. Right to bear arms
3. Housing of troops
4. Search and seizure – can’t search without warrant
5. Grand Jury, double jeopardy, self-incrimination
6. Rights of accused in criminal cases
7. Trial by jury
8. No excessive bail or cruel punishment
9. People get rights not listed on constitution
10. Any rights not given to federal government are given to the states and the people

Why did people move West

• “west” west of the Mississippi river, appellation mountains, and what is now California
• Manifest destiny – right to expand
• Territory of the original 13 states
• Louisiana purchase
• Mexican cession
• Oregon territory
• Texas annexation

Lewis and Clark

• Went through the Louisiana purchase and the Oregon territory
• Documented animals and plants

Texas war for independence 1835-1836

• Causes
  • Refused to be roman catholic
  • Hated the no slaves rule
  • Revolted

Sam Houston

Stephen F. Austin

• Results
  • Texas won and became an independent country
  • Republic of Texas 1836 – 1846

Wednesday 9/5

Mexican American war 1846 - 1848

• United states annexed it and it became part of the united states
• Causes
  • Boarder was Rio Grande separating Texas and Mexico
  • Mexico thought it was the Nueces river
  • American President put troops along the Rio Grandes
  • Mexico thinks they were just invaded
  • War breaks out
• Results
  • US won
  • Gained land called “Mexican cession”
  • Gain California, Nevada, Utah, part of Arizona, part of New Mexico, part of Colorado, Part of Wyoming

Civil War 1861-1865

• Causes
  • Sectionalism
    • North and South developed different from each other
    • North was industrial – banks, railroads
    • South was farming
    • Sectionalism is why the two sides grew apart
  • Slavery
    • North did not need slaves
    • South owned tons of slaves to farm huge plantations
  • States’ rights
    • States have more power over federal government – didn’t want a king
    • States grew and felt that they were their own little country
    • Up to the state if they should be able to have slaves or not
  • Tariffs
    • Tax on imported goods
    • Tariffs on anything that was manufactured
    • Natural resources didn’t have tariffs on them
    • South had to buy from north
    • North could get cotton without tariffs, that upset south
    • South had to buy manufactured products
  • Election of 1860 and secession
    • Lincoln said he was going to ban slavery in the new territory
    • South decided to seceded

Missouri compromise -1820

• Missouri came in as a slave state and Maine became a free state
• Missouri compromise line – North is a free state – south is a slave state

Compromise of 1850

• Open to slavery by popular sovereignty (let people vote if they want slavery)

Dred Scoot decision – 1857

• 7-2 decision by the US Supreme Court
• Supreme Court said that blacks were not US citizens and could not sue in court
• South said that the government could not abolish slavery
• Suddenly, slavery could be open anywhere
  • Greatly upset abolitionists
• North had no slaves
• South did

Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, north and South Carolina, Louisiana left and stayed slave states

Missouri, Kentucky stayed in the union

Why did the North(union) win the Civil War?

• The North had more resources
• Abundant resources
• Larger population
• Emergence of new military leaders
• Leadership of Lincoln
• Determination of African Americans to end slavery 

Thursday 9/6

Reconstruction 1865-1877

• Rebuilding the south after the civil war
• The period after the civil war in which the south had to be rebuilt and reorganized and brought back into the Union
• Presidents’ Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy on the south
• Rebuilt south economically, socially, politically, and physically
• Split south into five military districts

13, 14, 15 amendments

13- it made slavery unconstitutional and illegal

14- it states that states could not take away the rights of citizens without due process of the law (made blacks citizens)

15- it allowed all men to vote, no matter their skin color

Freedman’s Bureau

• Provided food, clothing, education, and job training to freed slaves

Southern government taken over by carpetbaggers and scalawags

• Carpetbaggers
  • Northern born white republicans who moved south after the war
    • Many won political office or became rich businessmen
  • Scalawags
    • Southern born white republicans
      • Southerners believed these people were betraying the south
    • These governments set up schools, raised taxes, built, railroads, helped ex-slaves, industrialized the south
    • Governments were accused of widespread corruption by southerners
    • Reconstruction left very deep divisions between the northern states and southern states
    • Once the northern governments and military left the south, traditional rich, white, racist males took back over
    • Jim Crow laws and segregation was established
    • African- Americans would not see the rights they should have had in 1865 until 1964

Election of 1876

• Rutherford B. Hayes (republican) vs. Samuel J. Tilden (Democrat)
• Tilden won the popular vote and was leading electoral vote
• Four states (with 20 electoral votes) had disputed results
• Hayes becomes president

The end of reconstruction – 1877

• The compromise of 1877
• Unwritten deal between northern and southern politicians that settles the disputed 1876 US presidential election
• Hayes would then remove the federal troops from the south ending reconstruction

Friday - started group test