Monday- Work day on Native American Battle research project.
Tuesday- Start presenting Native American Battle research project
-Sand Creek Massacre
- Southern Cheyenne Tribe vs Colorado Volunteer U.S. Cavalry
- November 1894 Colorado Territory
- US Army won- more men and superior firepower
- 200 Men from Southern Cheyenne Tribe, 400 men for Cavalry
- Black Kettle Flew a White Flag and American Flag above his teepee- wanted peace, but were attacked anyway
- John Chivington- US Cavalry Leader, Methodist pastor
- Black Kettle- Native American chief, was shot and killed during the battle
- 70-163 Natives killed
- 24 Killed/52 Wounded in Cavalry
- Kicked off a three-year war that killed hundreds on both sides.
Wednesday- No School
Thursday- Finish Presentations, talk about farmers
Battle of 100 Slain
- 1866
- Buffalo, Wyoming
- William J. Fetterman- US side
- Crazy Horse- Native American Leader
- Native Americans hid behind hill and ambushed cavalry
- 81 Casualties in 20 minutes- all US cavalrymen there were killed
Battle of Little Bighorn/Custer's Last Stand
- Native American Victory- worst US defeat in the war
- Found gold where Natives Lived
- Custer was told to wait for backup before he attacked.
- US Troops lead by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer
- Natives led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
- Native Americans: 136 warriors, 6 women, 4 children killed, up to 160
- US: 266 deaths, 55 wounded
Battle of Wounded Knee
- US Army vs Souix (Chief Bigfoot, killed during battle)
- December 29, 1890
- Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in southwestern South Dakota
- US won, overpowered, 500 to 350, better weapons
- 146 Sioux died, 25 US men died
- Lasted less than an hour
Farmers:
- Need railroads, but hated them- railroad companies could charge as much as they wanted due to lack of competition.
- Many farmers mortgaged their farms to buy more seed and supplies
- Crop prices fell due to overproduction
- After Civil War, the amount of money in circulation dropped, so money became more valuable, making it harder to pay back debt
- Farmers wanted more money in circulation- causing inflation and raising crop prices
- Railroad companies bribed Congressmen to pass laws to benefit the railroad- farmers were taken advantage of.
Friday- Continue on lesson
The Grange
- The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry
- Organization that helped farmers- encourages families to work together to promote the social, economic, and political well being of farmers
- Started after Civil War (1867) and is still around today
- Nonprofit, nonpartisan (not affiliated with either political party)
- Fought back against railroads
Granger Laws-
- Series of state laws passed in Midwestern states- Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois
- Designed to fight back against railroad abuses
- Wanted railroads and grain elevators to charge fair prices
- Supreme Court supported farmers in 1877
- Supreme Court supported railroads in in 1886- Took away Granger Laws- declared unconstitutional
Interstate
- Allowed the US Government to supervise railroads
- Required railroad rates to be "fair and just"
- Set up Interstate Commerce Commission to carry out law
- Failed to help farmers at first- took awhile for the laws to be enforced
Populist Movement- Omaha Platform- 1890's
- Also known as the People's Party- helps common people- farmers, factory workers, etc.
- Help farmers get out of debt- they need more money to feed the country
- Give people a greater voice in government
- Increase money supply in circulation- Silverites
- Graduated income tax
- Direct election of Senators
- Single Terms for Executive office
- Secret Ballot
- 8-hr work day
- Restrictions on immigration
- Eventually died out- sort of became the Progressive party
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