9/17- 9/21

[2Chloe]

Manday - Watched the secnound part of the First episode on The Men Who Built America

Tuesday - Watched the rest of the video and answered questions. Watched three small videos on duels. 

 - Omaha and Kansas City were Stockyards 

The open Range-Long Drive-Cowboy era ended rather quickly. Why?

1. The demand for beef fell and prices drapped.
2. Farmers and sheepherders moved into the Great Plains and put up fences 
3. More railroads were built in the south so long drives weren't needed

 Wednesday- We reviewed a bit. 

The open Range-Long Drive-Cowboy era ended after almost fifteen years.  We turned to big ranches with fences. 

Native Americans-

1.  The US used to be completly Native American Territory
2. The Native Americans were pushed to the Luisiana Purchase territory.
3. 1854- we pushed them to Oklahoma, and called it Indian Territory. 
   1. Most moved because they felt like they had no choice
4. 1890's- Oklahoma was opened up to white settlement. 
5. After 1907 it became the state of Oklahoma and was white dominated
   1. It was no longer Indian Territory

Destruction of Buffalo

1. Its a reason why we moved west 
2. Within seventy years they were almost wiped out. 

Dawes Act- (1877)

1. Homestead Act for Native Americans
2. Gave land to Native American families to farm(160 acres)
3. Ended tribal ownership of land
4. If they did not fight back they would be granted US citizenship
5. Goal was to "Americanize" Native-Americans and help them get out of poverty
6. Native-Americans lost much of their land 
   1. Any not taken was given to Europeans
7. Not required but the other option was not good
8. Ended in the 1930’s under President Roosevelt’s Indian Reorganization Act
   1. Try to undo past wrongs
   2. Teach children how they wanted
   3. It was very late 
   4. Native Americans were defeated
      1. Mentally
      2. Culturally

Dozens of Plains Wars 

Battle of Little Bighorn(Custer’s Last Stand)-1876

1. Way more US deaths
2. Indian Victory
3. All of Custer's troops died

Battle of Wounded Knee-1890

1. Last major battle between Native Americans and US Army
2. Some went to Candada
3. Most Native Americans surrendered

Key Questions-

1. How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?
   1. It brought people West- physically
2. What challenges did settlers/farmers face on the Great Plains?
3. How did settlers/farmers solve some of these problems?

Railroads-

1. Biggest Industry in the country
2. Important for moving people and goods
3. Settled the West
4. Within 40 years we built almost 120,000 miles of railroad

Thursday-

Sturggles on the Great Plains-

1. Life was not easy
   1. Lonely
      1. Closes neighbor was miles away
   2. Bad Weather
      1. Sand Storms- caused by drought
         1. very few now a days
      2. Blizzards 
         1. Out of comission for a long time
         2. They were tought
      3. Flash Floods in Spring
   3. Grasshopper Plauges
      1. Hit farms in 1870
      2. Destroyed crops and livlyhood
   4. Hard Work
      1. No tractors
      2. manual labor 
   5. Native Americans
      1. Forced them to be farmers
      2. War
      3. Attacks were common
         1. Low Casualties
         2. Very Spordaic
   6. Lack of trees
      1. Used Sod
         1. Cool in summer
         2. Warm in winter'
      2. Dugouts
         1. houses in hills
   7. Railraod prices
      1. High charges due to competition
      2. Farmers morgaged their farms to buy seeds and supplies
      3. Crop prices fell because of overproduction
      4. Money  became more valuble which made it hard to pay back debt
      5. Farmers wanted more money in circulation
         1. This caused inflation- good for crop prices 
   8. Debt

Section 3 Key Questions-

1. Describe what the Grange was and their purpose.
2. Describe what the Interstate Commerce Act did.
3. Describe who the Populists were and what they believed in?

The Grange-

1. Farming
2. The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry
3. Wanted to help farmers-
   1. Socially-
      1. give them things to do
      2. Dances
      3. Get togethers
   2. Economic
      1. Money
   3. Politically
      1. People who would help them
4. Started after the Civil War and is still around today

Granger Laws-

1. State laws passed in many Midwestern states
   1. Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois
   2. Passed in the late 1860s and early 1870s
2. Designed to fight against railroad abuses
3. Fair Prices
   1. railroads and grain elevators 
      1. They sued
4. Munn v Illinois-(1877)
   1. Supreme Court supported farmers
5. Wabash v Illinois-(1886)
   1. Supreme Court supported the railroads