Ch. 15 Test Topics
Describe the cycle of the Great Depression?
What was the New Deal(1st and 2nd) and it's goals(3 R's)?
- Groups that FDR created to refurnished our struggling economy
- In effect from 1933-1936
- Passed by congress but was FDR’s plan to further help our country
- 1st new deal- passed in 1953 lasted till 1934
- Worked to fix the economy from top to bottom
- Based on the trickle down theory. Gov pours money into businesses in order to stabilize buying and selling
- 2nd – infect in 1934-1936
- focused on restoring the economy from bottom to top
- They tried to turn non-consumers to consumers again
- These programs were based of FDR’s 3 R’s
- Reduce, reuse, recycle (now)
- Relief, Recovery, Reform (then)
- Relieve the unemployed, poor, homeless, all the vulnerable people
- Recover our economy. Ex: bread lines then vs Food organizations now
- Reform the financial system in order to prevent any oncoming depressions
Why did people criticize the New Deal?
Why was FDR upset with the US Supreme Court and what did he do to try to solve this issue?
How did the New Deal help unemployed:
Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
- Enacted in 1933
- Main function was to create the federal emergency relief Admin.
- FERA distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to the unemployed
- This was supposed to help the unemployed find new jobs
- Fera had 3 primary objectives
- Direct relief measures
- provide work for employable people
- provide many different types of relief programs
Unemployed
Farmers
Factory Workers/Labor
Young People
CCC
- Civilian Conservation Corps
- Also known as Emergency conservation work act
- Operated from 1933- 1942
- Known as roosevelts Philosophy
- Provided many jobs for men
- 2.5 million men enrolled in 9 years (age 18-25)
Banks/Business
Home Owners
Elderly
Native Americans (IRA)
- Allowed Indian’s to use there cultural and traditions
- This replaced the Dawes Act
- Established in 1934, June 18th
- Known as: Wheeler-Howard Act
- John Collier (leader)
- Act was doing more harm than good for the Indians
- Designed to give land back to them instead of the government trying to "americanize" the indians
Describe the culture of the 1930's.
Music
- Folk music – Woody Guthrie (singer & guitar player) Huddie Ledbetter (African American wrote songs about his life)
- Musical Movies – Broadway Musicals (Wizard Of Oz, Over the Rainbow ect.)
- Pop – Singers & Dancers (Andrew Sisters, Fred Astaire, Shirley Temple.)
- Jazz – Big bands (15 – 20 people)
- Country Western – (hillbilly music) such as gospel, blue grass, western swing, bro/sis duets
Movies
- Gone with the wind
- Wizard of Oz
- King Kong
- The adventures of Robin Hood
Fashion
- 8 mill people were unemployed so people were buying less clothes and stores were going out of business
- Fashion Icon: Coco Chanel “A woman should be two things, classy & fabulous.”
- Women: Hats, dresses, long halter top dresses, lace frocks, negligees, corsets
- Men: Hats, suits, shoulder pads, over coats
Sports
- Javeline throw
- 800 meter hurtles
- hockey
- baseball
- racing
- soccer
- horse racing
Fun Facts
- Male: 58
- Female: 61
- 3 mill cars sold
- Food prices: 14 cents qt of milk
Hundred Days
- 100 days of the new deal and of FDR’s presidency
- FDR best presidency with congress
- Tried and failed and so on
Fireside Chats
- FDR giving talks over the radio (Intimate talks with the public)
- Having Faith
- Help support the new deal
- Banks would do better
- These chats became very popular
- People became eager to hear FDR on the radio
Priming the Pump
- Priming the well- getting it ready for water to come out
- Trying to help things move along (money -> projects)
Deficit Spending
- Government spending more than they had (more than collected in taxes)
- This pulled them under farther even though they thought this would get them out of the depression
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