5 causes of ww1militarismalliancesimperialismnationalismassassination of archdukie franz ferdandad.1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?imperialism-eurpean countries wanted part of asia and most of africa other places were high in demand as wellcompetition for land increased and desires for greater empires for greater empires increaseddisagreements pushed for warthe want for colonies made rivalries stronger, introducing more conflictsmilitarism-countries internationally growing their militarieswanted to protect empires and coloniesnational pridetried to out-do eachother with weapons, amount of men, ectnationalismaustria-hungary was the main power2. What were the major alliances of WWI?great britain, france and russiahow it formed:germany refused to signe a peace treaty with russia, which in turn made russia seek and alliance with francefrance around this same time was aolmost to war between germany and another hostile european central powerfrance needed and alliance and seeked it with russiatheophile delcasse was against german policy and hoped to become allies with great britaingreat vritain and france made peace and great britain made allies with france.great britain made settling agreements with russiathe triple entente was created to oppose the triple alliancetriple alliancegermany, austria hungary, italyhow it formed:1879 otta wan besmark, ruler of new german empire, made a duel alliance with austria hungaryfrance made it so italy couldn't advance forward by controlling tunisthis upset italyitlay signed a secret treaty, becoming allies with germany and austria hungary-allied powersjapanusgreat britainfrancerussiaczechloslovakia legionsromaniagreecemontenegrobelguimnew zealandserbiasouth africaaustraliacanadaindia-central powersgermanyaustira hungary (turkey)ottoman empirekingdom of bulgaria-franz ferdinandfather was archduke charles louisheir to the austria hungarian empirewasn't popularconsidered prideful and mistrustingproposed to change austria hungary from a dualism alliance to a trialism alliancetrialism alliance-triple monarchy in which Slavs would have an equal voice with germans and magyarsassassination:was in the capital of austria, serajevoinvited to inspect army manueversserbian group known as the black hands kiled him on june 28 1914 while therethough he wasn't well liked, this was an excuse for austira to go to war with serbiaGavrilo Princip shot ferdinand and sophie3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?U.S. goalsmake WWI the very last of warsusa wanted to peacefully end the warusa wanted to stop unrestricted wardfare by the germanswanted to make the world safe for democracygermany goalswanted great britain's territories in africaisolate franceaustria-hungarycontrol serbiacontrol the ottoman empiredefend the border between italy and austria hungaryfranceavenge previous military defeatscripple german industrial capacitybecome the dominant continental powergreat britainmaintain superpower status, as #1 nation in the worldabate the german threatportect france and belgiumitalytake over germany's colonies in africadecert attention from domestic issuesrussiaeliminate germanygain control of the bosphorus straights4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?battle of guiselaunched by french general charles lanrezac'sfifth army, took place 8/29/1914, fought germany, germany wonbattle of cabrai, 1917taks were first used, became popular after this, great britain vs. germany, stalematefirst battle of champagne, 1914the french commander in chief was determined to win the war quickly.in the lanck of success in the trenches began the launch of major offensive extending along the whole line from nieuport to verdunfrance vs. germanybattle of mullhouse, 1914this battle was on august 7, 1914france vs. germanybattle of verdun, 1916germany vs. france, britain and france were allies, so if france went down, so would britainwas one of the lengthiest battlesbattle of the liege1st battle of WWI, germany vs. belguim, germany wins and continues to francebattle of the somme, 1916germany vs. britain and francebritish and french wonbattle of ypers 1914britain, france, belguim vs. germanyallies won the american's joined them in 19175. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?the north sea-main body of naval warbritian tried blocking germany off form overseas trade and resourcesthe first battle of heligoland bight, 1914first naval batter of WWIgermany vs. britainUK wonthe battle of coronelUK vs. germanybattle of the falkland islands, 1914britain vs. germanybritain won6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?woodrow wilson wanted the US to remain neutral7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?sinking of the ships and killing americans by germanyarthur zimmermannote sent out on january 16 1917sent by german secretary arthur zimmerman to mexicoconvinced congress to declare war against germanymade an alliance with mexico and promised to get its lost land backWWI crucial turning point in american history8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?the battle of cantigny, 1918located north of parisUS and france vs. germany199 killedUS wonthe third battle of aisne,1918aisne river near parisfrance, britain, and US vs. germanygermany wonThe Bettle of Belleau Wood,1918Belleau Wood, FranceFrance, British Empire, US vs. GermanyThe Allies won.Battle of Le Hamel, 1918Hamel FranceAustralia, US Britain vs. German EmpireAllies Won.Second Battle of Marne, 1918Marne River, FranceFrance, Britain, US, Italy vs. German EmpireAllies Won.Hundred Days Offensive, 1918Amiens, France and Belgiun.FRance, British Empire, Austrila, Canada, India, New Zealand, South AFrica, US, Belgium, Portugal VS. German Empire and Austria HungaryAllies Won.9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?Schlieffen Plan (germany)Plan 17 (France)Plan G (Russia)Plan 19 aka Plan A (russia)American Expeditionary forcesPlan B and Plan R (Austria-Hungary)United Kingdom/Britain10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?RIFEL-Adv- most widely used, 1,400 meter rage, operated by one personDis- Accuracy was on;y 600 meters, had to make time to refill itMACHINE GUN-Adv- kill many people, long range, new fighting stratagies.Dis- heavy, inaccurate, often got over heated, took 2-3 people to fire.GAS-Adv-Kill many people at onceDis- gas masks, had to carry around, ran out fastPISTOLBAYONETS-Adv- shoot with bayonet still in place, used with close contact fighting, used for food.Dis-High tranning to use, Risk getting shot.ZEPPELIN-air ship, rigid, powerful engines, metal, gasbags, carried weapons, abandon quicklyTANKS-needed 3 people to run, miximum speed was 3 miles per hour, couldn't cross trenches.PLANES-Adv- weapons delivered fast, spied on other peopleDIs-could be shot down easily, planes fighing with other planes(dogfighting).TORPEDOES-used by submarines, used to blow up shipsGRENADES-adv- killed a lot of people, could be thrown into an exact locationdis-carry around, ran out quickly11. Describe trench warfare.Warfare in which the opposing forces attack and counter attack from a relatively permanent system of trenches protected by barbed-wire entagledment.problems-rat problemssmell of rotting bodiestrench fever caused by licedeathtrench footfrogs12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.Woodrow Wilson came up with 14 points that will be in the tready to end the war.1. no more secret alliances between countries.2. Free navigation og the seas.3. An end to all economic and trade barriers between nations.4. A General redution of Guns5. Decisions regaruding the colonies should be impartial.6. The German army was to be removed from russia, so it could politically develope ise;ft w/o forced help.7. Belgium should be evacuated and restored8. France should be evacuated and fully libereted, unckuding the Alsace- Lorrane9. Clear understanding of the italian border.10. Independence for various national froups in Austria-Hungary.11. The balkan states should be restored with freedom of the seas for serbia.12. The Turkish people should be allowed to govern themselves, independance.13. Poland should have independance as well as freedome of the seas.14. A legaue of nations should be developed in order to protect world peace.Summary: Every one thought that the 14 points were going to be in the tready but then there was a big argument and not a lot of Wilson's points were acctually in the tready.14. Describe the points of the Treaty of Versailles.-Peace settlement signed after ww1-The tready was signed in versailles between paris and the allies-The Versallies palace was concidered appropriate b/c of size.-Signed by: David Llyod, Woodrow Wilson, George Clemenso.8.5 million people died and 21 mil wounded.Terms the tready carried out-germany lost a lot of land-germanys milatry was drastically redeuced-the land had to be handed over to poland. France, Belguin, Denmark, all the land germany had to hang over they did.Germany had to pay war payments for damage.Germany had to accept the war guilt clause, they had to take responsibility for the war.15. Why did the US never pass the Treaty of Versailles?they tready of versallies was a peace trady to end wwiguilt clause-it placed all the responsibility of the war on germany.-Made germany pay for their debt making them more in debt.-the tready basically helped but people like hitler into power.Reperations-Germany was forced to pay belguim and franceTready of Versailles ReperationsCoal, steel, money.Us rejects the tready:-the us senators were divided into 2 groups 2/3 needed to pass the tready.-one of the groups was the irreconcilables.-another was group led ny henry cabot lodge and they were with the tready.-the closest the tready came to be passed was on 11-19-1919-it was very close to a 2/3 vote but pres. wilson rejected the tready along with a handful of democrats.Irreconcilables: bitter opponetns of the tready, most republicans.Germans:-All Germans denounced the tready because they were blamming the war on Germany. They refered to this was dication.-Called it a murder plan.-a new government was formed-the new governamnt led up to Germany signing the tready on 6-28-191916. Why did the Allied Powers win WWI?the us made the allies stronger b/c we are well trained.Germany under estimanted the US.Mistakes:germans frontal attacksnavy unwilling to fightthe U-boat warGermany had many costly mistakes.Navel blackade-greatest move for the allies-blocked all supplies from getting in to germany-Great Britain thrived from the blockaidTanks-came in to world war one for the first time.-before them germany only had defensive weaponswar was over on 11-11-1918 at 11 am.17. Describe the impact WWI had on the world.18. How did countries react to the Treaty of Versailles
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