Mr. Bruns continues to go over Chapter 10.
Section 1: Imperialism and America
Section 2: The Spanish American War
Section 3: Aquiring New Lands
Section 4: America as a World Power
Key Terms
Imperialism- a strong country taking over a weaker country for various reasons
Militarism- building and maintaining a strong military
Nationalism- very patriotic towards your country
Diplomacy- the art or practice of conducting international relations, as in negotiating alliances, treaties, and agreements.
Spheres of Influence- a region of the world in which one state is dominant
Protectorate- an area where a stonger country would dominant and control the weaker country
Arbitration- settlement of a dispute between two countries
Old Diplomacy
1. Noninterventionist- the US not intervene in foreign affairs, expecially Europe's
2. Isolationist- the US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations
3. Passive and reactive- the US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly
4. Weak army and navy
New Diplomacy
1. Imperialistic- going out and conquering territory to create an empire
-Alfred Mahan (look up), Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt
2. Stronger army and navy
3. Interventionist - especially in Central and Sout America
-becoming more involved in other countries affairs
-Monroe Doctrine (look up)
4. Strong nationalism
-having strong pride and confidence in one's country
Imperialism and America
- Imperialism became very common with the maor powers of the world
- Which countries were the most powerful?
-Great Britian, Frace, Italy, Russia, U.S, Japan, Germany, Turkey
Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
- Brings military power and presitige to your country
- Naval bases and refueling stations
- $$$$-for natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods (trade)
- Belief in cultural superiority-White Man's Burden
-Mckinley: "to take them all and to educate them Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them."
-Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers" on the Philippines
The Spanish American War
- By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
-Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and a few colonies in Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)
- The US has been interested in Cuba for a long time
-US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
- Cubans has been revolting against Spain frequently (1868,1878,1886,1895) wanting independence
What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain?
1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans
2. The conflict was described by Senator Redfield Proctor of Vermontas "bloody and brutal"
3. Newspapers (Yellow Press-particularly those owned by William Randolph Hearst) reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler
- The New York Journal reports "....blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"
- Ameican newspapers were clearly pushing teh nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation
The Yellow Press
- Instigated the war
- United the general public to want war with Spain
- Made people feel sorry for the Cubans
Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
- Yellow Press
- The USS Maine sinkingButcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps
- The De Lome Letter
- Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba making it look like Spain did it
Teller Amendment
- Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US
Fronts in the Spanish-American War
- Philippines
- Cuba
- Puerto Rico
Rough Riders
- Teddy Roosevelts group of troops
- Good athletes
- Fought the Spanish
Treaty of Paris 1898
- Brought an offical end to the war
- Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)
- US got control of the Phillippines ($20 million), Guam and Puerto Rico
Misc
- The US Army was not prepared to fight this war- The Navy was excellent!
- Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war only 385 battle deaths-2500 died due to disease
- Lasted April 25- August 12, 1898
- The US became an empire for the first time in our history
Puerto Rico
- Claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus' second voyage to the Americas
- In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War
- Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917
- Popularly-elected governers have served since 1948
- In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government
- In plebiscites hel in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status
- Three options for the future. . . becoming independent country, become a state of the US, or stay the same
Cuba
- In 1898, Spain gave control of Cuba to the US with the Treaty of Paris
- In 1902, the US granted Cuba its independence as promised with the Teller Amendment.
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