Today was an oral testing day and we studied for the test.
Germany: Erin
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- The allies believed that Germany started World War Germany was struck down physically and financially. Germany’s land was reduced by 12.5% by the Treaty of Versailles. There was great support in the Nazi Party in Germany.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years (1919-1938)?- Hitler persuaded the people in Germany that he would help the government and the economy. They burned down the governmental building. A democracy until Hitler over threw it
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- He merged the chancellor and the president and declared himself the dictator of Germany.
4. How did this leader change their country (for the better and worse) prior to WWII?- He gave the Germans hope.
5. What were the goals of the leader?- Kill all the Jews because they are the “anti-race” in the world. Hitler persuaded the people that if they concurred the world that they could create the prefect race. He wanted to kill all Jews. Hitler used his trial to gain people’s support. He said that The Government said that the Jews caused all problems after World War 1. He wanted to gain back the land that he lost after Germany lost after World War 1.
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years (1919-1938)?- Blitzkrieg was the main source of attack which is attacking the enemy before the main source of attack which is attacking the enemy before they know what hit them. Using the Blitzkrieg strategy the Germans conquered most of Europe. Mainly the Nazi Gov’t increased in power greatly.
7. What role did they play in WWII?- They started World War II by invading Poland with Russia. They invaded many many countries. Very aggressive towards other countries.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?- The Axis Powers
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- They lost even more land and became completely economically and financially weak. Military become very worthless.
China-
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?-
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?-
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?-
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?-
5. What were the goals of the leader?-
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?-
7. What role did they play in WWII?-
8. Who were their allies in WWII?-
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?-
Great Britain- Tara
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- Great Britain wanted military equipment and soldiers to be banned on Germany’s land.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?- Constitutional Monarchy which means There is basically Just one person ruling like a king or queen was just there basically for support. The leader has to stay with in the perimeters of a written, or unwritten constitution unlike a monarchy where the leader was the only political power and could do whatever they wanted.
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- Their leaders was Winston Churchill. He gained power after Neville Chamberlain. He was the most dominant figure in British politics. Received Much praise after the war. He was extremely against Nazism.
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?-
5. What were the goals of the leader?- Chamberlain wanted to abolish the poor law. He reorganized unemployment assistance. He seeked to appease Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini. Tried to persuade Italy not to invade Ethiopia.
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?- They wanted to blockade Germany so they couldn’t get supplies in.
7. What role did they play in WWII?- They stood alone at first Against Germany. Then the USSR and the US were brought into the war. Main ally power in defeating Germany. Served as a base to the US.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?- the US, Soviet Union, and France were the three major ones. Other important ones were Australia, Canada, and China.
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- They got German colonies in Africa and got money from Germany as well.
The Munich Conference:
France- Kayley
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- France was hoping to gain a sense of security because of their suffering from WWII.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?- In the 1930’s the ideas of Fascism and communism were popular. A jew, Leon Blum, became the prime minister on June 3rd, 1936.
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- George Clemencau was apart of “The Big Four”. Charles De Gaulle was a tank division commander, the only French commander that had success with invading the Germans. After the French Surrendered he lead the free French until the war ended and became a post-war president for France. Eduardo Daladier was a prime minister three times in 1933 and 1938. Paul Reynaud was a war minister but replaced with Charles De Gaulle. Daladier and Reynaud were arrested by the French puppet government. (Charles De Gaulle, Eduardo Daladier.)
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?- They focused on Defensive military strategies and they thought this was a good plan but it was eventually a losing strategy because Germany went around their Maginot line.
5. What were the goals of the leader?-
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?- The Maginot Line. They had concrete fortification. Tank obstacles. Artillery casemates. Machine gun posts.
7. What role did they play in WWII?- Provided battlefields. Developed their army on the boarder of Germnay and waited for them to attack. They fought the German’s.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?- Their biggest allies were China, US, Soviet Union, Australia, Canada, Great Britain.
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- They had really high casualties and were in debt.
Italy- Ashley and April.
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- They were promised Trento, Trieste, Istria, Dalmatia, and partly ottoman empire. They were upset because they didn’t get near as much land as they were promised.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?- At first they had a prime minister Bittorio Orlanda. He left for a while but people were upset so he came back then eventually retired. Supported Mussolini at first, then backed off and didn’t do much. When Mussolini took charge Mussolini introduced Fascism around 1919. Violence and war is ok in Fasccism. They will use violence in order to keep things in place and how it should be. Blackshirts collided with communism. Government didn’t interfere. Mussolini declared dictator.
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- in 1921 he was elected chamber of deputies. 1922 prime minister by the king. Became dictator after assassination of writer. Used his high power to slowly moved him.
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?- Mussolini used his private army to fight against anyone against fascism. Helped public transport and job opportunities. Started as axis in 1940. 1943- Switched to ally powers.
5. What were the goals of the leader?- Colonize into Africa compete with Britain and France. Wanted to make italy great, respected and feared. Used communication to make fascism seem ok.
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?- They wanted to help Hitler and not overrun him. To keep supplied by the twin town. The Italian campaign of WWII was the name of allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe.
7. What role did they play in WWII?- Stayed in isolation for the first part of the war. To help Hitler and not overrun him. To keep supplied by the twin town.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?- Their allies were Germany, Austrian and Hungary, Japan, parts of Yugoslavia, French Navy.
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- Lost all of it’s colonies. Government collapsed once the German came into Italy.
Japan- Ohms!
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- Japan got a lot German’s northern islands. The land that Germany got from China, was given to Japan instead of given back to China.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?- They had a two party political system after WWI(where two major parties dominate the votes at almost all elections). In 1918 Hara Takashi became the first common person to become prime minister. In 1926 Hirohito becomes emperor. They had mostly a constitutional Monarchy(The emperor is in charge but there are people that keep him from having to much power). The great depression is what really switched their government from reducing weapons and military to attacking China. They had a military dictator in charge through most of WWII.
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- Hirohito was the son of prince Yoshihito and princess sakado. When his grandpa died the prince and his dad became emperor. He went to all these schools and took a trip around Europe and then his dad became sick with a mental illness, so therefore he became emperor.
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?- Hirohito kept most things the same because his dad was the leader before him. The military leaders did the most like completely changing the country up to the point where they attacked China.
5. What were the goals of the leader?- They attacked Pearl Harbor. Treatment of POW. Wanted resources so they took over this empire to help. They used chemical weapons that were illegal in war like gas bombs and other things. Expand their boundaries into mainland Asia.
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?- They wanted to basically expand and get more power and they wanted more land for more resources.
7. What role did they play in WWII?- Japan entered the war with limited aims. They lacked natural resources. Wanted to secure the resources of Southeast Asia. Wanted to establish a “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”. In 1941 Japan started to take its reign over Eastern Asia. Japan wanted to destroy American powers in the pacific. First, its navy would neutralize the American navy with an attack on Pearl Harbor Would then attack the US Far East Air Force in the Philippines. Would then take control of Malaya, the Netherlands indies, the Philippines, Wake Island, Guam, The Gilbert Islands, Thailand, and Burma. In 1931 Japan seized Manchuria. Then they began a war against China in 1937. FDR shut off all trade to Japan. Japanese started to look southward for raw materials and strategic resources. Instead of expanding trade, They wanted to expand their empire.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?- The tripartite pact was signed by Japan, Germany, and Italy and established the axis powers during WWII. These three agreed that for the next ten years they would stand by and co-operate. Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Croatia, and Manchukuo also joined.
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- They were severely damaged and had a severe shortage of food. They had to have allied powers to keep them from starting a war again. The United States was mainly in charge of this. They lost all the territory they got after 1894. Kurile islands were occupied by the Soviet Union. The Ryukyu Islands were controlled by the USA. War crime trials were held to dole out consequences. 500 military officers committed suicide. The emperor lost all political and military power. Japan was forbidden to ever lead a war again or to maintain an army. Atomic bombs caused severe burns and blindness. Most people close to explosion died. Smalll symptoms were headaches and nausea. After effects were cancers and keloids. The death count reached 140,000. Both citied were virtually destroyed. Debris fell for over an hour.
Soviet Union- Zach
1. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact them?- Sovieet Union only lost land as a result of this treaty. A more notable treaty was the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. Peace treaty signed between the Soviet Russian and the Central Powers.
2. What type(s) of government did this country have in the interwar years(1919-1938)?- In 1917, Vladimir Lenin, started a single party dictatorship under the Bolsheviks. Soviet Union became a member of the League of Nations in 1935. They were not allowed to join because of radical policies of their communist government.
3. How did their leader, that led them throughout WWII, come to power?- When Lenin died in 1924, Stalin rose to power.
4. How did this leader change their country(for the better and worse) prior to WWII?-
Command economy, replacing New Economic Policy. Regain Russia’s land that was lost in WWI. Signed the Non aggression a Pact with Hitler to give him more time to build up his army. Modernize thee economy, build strong military, spread ideas of communism, increase food supply, increase raw material production.
5. What were the goals of the leader?-
6. What was the military strategy of this country in the inter-war years(1919-1938)?-
7. What role did they play in WWII?- It was at war with Germany and the Axis Powers. Signed non aggression pact with Germany which split up Poland in 1939. Over 90,000 German troops at Stalingrad surrendered to the soviets on January 31’st 1943.
8. Who were their allies in WWII?-
9. How did WWII impact/effect the country?- Lost over twenty million people, many civilians. Armies remained powerful though. Expanded its borders because they defeated Germany, Finland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Romania.
My own studying---
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