Mongol Invasion
When The invasion happened in the 13th century
the invasion involved Slovakia, Hungary and Poland
Some important dates of the invasion were 1222,1236-1240, late 1240-1241 and April 11th 1241
the very first
The Mongol invasions occurred in many places
2 invasions, the central Asia and Russia invasions had no effect on the Islam
2 invasions that did have a hard effect on the Islamic Religion were In Persia and Iraq
After defeating the Persian City, The mongols moved towards Bagdad
Military units-
they used mongol bows, they were the primary weapon
the bows were made from wood bone
quivers containing sixty arrows were strapped to the backs of cavalrymen
the mongol bow could shoot an arrow over 500 meters
Mongol swords were slightly curved scimitar
the blade on the swords were usually two feet long
Key People-
Genghis Khan-born in Temujin He was the founder of the Mongolian Empire. By the end of his life, he conquered most of Asia and China. He cam to power by uniting many namadic tribes in northeast asia. He started the Mongol invasion
this conquest resulted in conquered land in Eurasia
Ogedei Khan- was the successor of Genghis Khan. He was the third son of Genghis Khan
He set out to continue was his father started
Batu Khan- was another ruler of the Mongol Empire he founded Ulus of Jochi
Mongke Khan- was the fourth great Khan of the Mongol
Empire he had reforms to improve the administration in the Mongol Empire
Lasting effects
after the invasion the Islamic would never regained the amount of power that it used to
the agricultural industry really took a fall after the invasion the irrigation equipment was lost and not rebuilt until later in the 20th century
one of the leaders had tried to introduce paper money before the invasions but never really succeeded and this caused an economic downfall
Major battles-
The battle of Legnica was between the mongols and European fighters
It took place near the city of Legnica in the Silesia province of the kingdom of poland
took place on April 9th 1241
The mongol invaders won
Math and Science in Islam-18th century
Al-Jabr-The title of a mathematical book writen about 820 AD
written by Muhammad Ibn Musa Al Khwarizmi
The book contained how to solve equations and other math problems
considered foundation of modern algebra
Al-Khwarizmi
Bron in a Persian family
He contributed to mathematics, geography and astronomy
created the basics for algebra and trigonometry
Ibn al-Haytham
He was an Arab mathematician
He was also an Astronomer
He made huge contributions to the Principles of Optics and Scientific Expirements
He wrote a TON
He tried to prove that astrology was a science based on mathematical proof
Optics-Alhasen realized that light has its origin outside the observer
That the rays on their way hits the objects and we see an object when the rays from the object enter our eyes
Aristotle already proposed this idea
Alhazen described the eye and its functioning and he made mathematical descriptions of the properties of light
He proposed that light moves with finite speed
Astronomy
claudius Ptolemy was a Greek roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek
He was a mathematician, an astronomer, a geographer, an astrologer and a peot
Claudius died in Alexandria in 168 AD
Ptolemy was the author of several scientific treatsies at least three of which were of continuing importance to later islamic and european science
The first is the astronomical treatise now knownas the Almagest
The second is the Geography which is a thorough discussion of the geographic knowledge of the Greco-Roman world
The third is the astrological treatise known in Greek as the apotelesmatika and in Latin as the Quadripartitum (four books) in which he attempted to adapt horoscopic astrology to the Aristotelian natural philosophy
Math 8-14th century
The islamic empire established across Persia, the <middle east central Asia, north Africa Siberia and parts of Inda that made significant contributions to Mathematics
They were able to draw on and fuse together the mathematics
The islamics used complex geometric patterns to decorate their buildings and raising mathematics to the form of an art
Science 8-14th centuries
Muslim scientist drew ideas from other cultures to produce the modern and science and tech that we have today
Arabic was the language of science
free trade though a vast empire allowed the free movement of people, goods and servises
Muhammad and Diophantus share the title of of Algebra
In the 12th century the decimal positional number system was introduced to the westen world this system was made from the indian numerals and the latin translation of arithmetic
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