Rise of islam
Geography
harsh living conditions
-people of the desert
, were organized into clans the arab nomads, called Bedouins
-moving
by the time of 600 AD, many Arabs had shosen to settle by an oasis or in a market town, the desert life was just to tough and unpredictable.
larger towns near the western coast of arabia bacame market towns
-special city
one of these cities was mecca
mecca is a holy city where Muslims pray towards
alo it is very common for muslims to go visit mecca to pay homage
-trade life
after these people had moved into larger cities, the trading increased as well.
many routes because of the bodies of water that surrounded the area.
traded many things like spices, incense, perfume, presious metals, ivory, silk.
-Monotheistic or Polytheistic
the islamic religion is Monotheistic.
they believe in one god called Allah.
-Muhammad
the prophet Muhammad vry influential figure.
he was raised by his grandfather and uncle.
he received little schooling and began working on as a trader.
at the age of 40 Muhammad became very interested in religion.
-general info
islam means "submission to the will of Allah
Maslim means "one who has submitted
new leader
- after muhammad died in 632 the muslim community needed to make the decision on who would be their next religious leader
- they selected muhammads good friends named abu-Bakr to become the first
issues
- not everyone was welcome of the caliph
- some tribes aroused the Arbian Peninsula abandoned islam completely
- others wouldnt pay taxes
- some individuals even declared themselves to be prophets
Attempts to resolve
- abu-bakr declared a Jihad which has two meanings
- 1-an inner struggle with evil
- 2-an armed struggle against non-believer
Expansion n millitary
- the muslim community bagan to expand under abu-bakr as well
- the next 3 caliphers after Abu-Bakr expanded into the sassanid and byzantine empires.
reason for success
- they did very well in conquest between these empires had been fighting each other for many years before this.
- well disciplined
- great leader
- the two empires werent tolerant of the religions in their conquered area.
treatment of conquered people
- the qur'an does not allow for muslims to force others to convert to this religion
- muslims allowed the christians and jews to practice their religion but they couldnt spread it
- they made the Christians and Jews pay tax however because they did not figh for the islam military groups.
rserch
islam split
why did it happen when was the major split who are the key players (groups) in the split
4 paraghraphs
umayyads, shia sunni, sufi, and abbasids
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