5-13-13

Vietnam:

1950-1975
goals:
- stop communism
The french Connection:
- France gained control of Indochina in the mid late 1800s
- during WW2 France worked with Japanese control Indochine
- Japanese surrender
- Korean War just ended
Ho Chi Minh
- tried to get independence
- tried to start a communist revolution
- enemy in the war
Geneva Conference-1954
- set up elections to unify the country by July, 1956
- neither side wanted to lose so elections never happened
Vietman was partitioned at the 17th parallel
North was ruled by Ho Chi Minh
in 1955, Ngo Diem became president of the South
Ngo Diem: rich, catholic, hated French, anti communist, against Buddhists
Who Fought?
- United States Armed Fources
- Army of Republic of Viet Nam
- Vs.
- Vietcong..NLF South Vietnamese (looked like everyday people)
- Peoples Army of Viet Nam(PAVN)
President Truman began US involvement by sending money to help French
Eisenhower continued money but sent advisers
Kennedy continued sending money and advisers as well as special operation soldiers
Johnson sent more and more combat forces
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: several US ships were supposedly attacked
gave Johnson a reason to get more involved in the War
Johnson easily defeated Barry Goldwater in the 1964 election
Johnson made it sound like we were never going to be involved as to Goldwater was talking about how they were going to get involved
Johnson and General Westmoreland kept saying that we needed more soldiers to win
most Americans believed it..at first
Americans public faith was shattered on January 30, 1968 the Tet Offensive was attacked
Tet Offensive was a festival
we crushed the enemy military then huge offensive attack from enemy made it almost impossible for Americans
Americans had an increasing sense that the government was misleading about war
we were never allowed to invade the North..how do you win without invading?
Anti-War
- Why were we against it so much?
  - Tet offensive
  - Pentagon Papers
  - Injuring/killing innocent people
  - supporting bad government in the South
  - power of the press
Napalm Attacks
Kent St. in Ohio early 1970s
- a protest got out of hand
- people started to open fire
My Lai Massacre March 1968
- 504 Vietnamese people were shot killed and raped and brutally killed
How people got out of serving.
medical condition
being rich
going to college
being homosexual
fleeing to Canada

Nixon and Vietnam:

Nixon called for the "vietnamization"(we pull out and let them fight it) of the war
"peace with honor" we want peace and leave honorable
gradually pulled US troops out and train the ARVN to take place in fighting in the North
Expanded the war into Laos and Cambodia which lead to college protests
he wanted to stop the supply of goods
Jan. 15th 1973 war is over
Paris Peace Accords were signed on Jan 27th 1973
- fighting stopped
- US pulled out of Vietnam
- North and South would recognize each others independence
peace agreement did not last
in march 1975 North invaded the South
south wasnt strong enough and fell apart
July 2nd 1975 formed Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Vietnam is still communist today

Deaths:

US: 58,202
ARVN:223,748
NVA/VC: 1,100,000

War Powers Act: Protected being able to send troops anywhere with approval of the congress.

Test question are over:

7. What were the goals for the US during the Cold War?

8. What were some of the major events that took place during the Cold War?

-Berlin Blockade/airlift, Cuban Missile Crisis, Red Scare/McCarthyism, Space Race, Bay of Pigs, Berlin Wall, End of the Cold War

9. Why did the US go to war in Korea and Vietnam and what were outcome of those wars?

10. How did the Cold War come to an end?

11. Know these major major post-Cold War Events:

-JFK Assassination

-Watergate

-Iran Hostage Crisis

-Persian Gulf War(1991)

-9-11

-War in Afghanistan

-War in Iraq

-Civil Rights Issues(African Americans, Women)

Jimmy Carter democrat (39th)1977-1981:

born in small town Georgia
only president to receive welfare checks
grew up poor
joined Navy
took over fathers peanut farm
he was senator and governor of Georgia
received a Nobel Peace Prize after leaving office
believed in equality of people
focused on peace talks
after being president he worked a lot of peace things
helped establish health base things around Africa
he was a peoples president
very green environmental
signed the Camp David Accords-"Land for Peace"
In December 1979 Soviets invaded Afghanistan
we sent military aid to the mujahideen..which are now our enemies
energy(oil) crisis..ran out of supply, gas prices went up
Iran Hostage Crisis: 444 days and 52 hostages of the US. Ayatollah is a supreme leader of Iran. In 1977 the Islamic revolution took place in Iran and the Islamic governor took leadership of Iran. The Shall was a puppet of the US. Ayatollah overthrows the Shall. Ever since 1977 Iran has been a problem for US. We tried to rescue them and we failed. Eventually Iraq invaded Iran and we got free. They were released January 20, 1981.

Ronald Reagan(R)-40th-1981-1989:

governor of California
in march some guy shot at him to impress a girl
he really wanted to end the cold war
he started the debt we have today
the missal defense system
broke a treaty signed
How did the Cold War come to an end:
- Why we won:
  - we had close ties with our Allies and the USSR didnt
  - China started siding with us after 1972
  - Soviet economy as in shambles whereas the US's was flourishing
    - huge deficit
    - high inflation
    - corruption
    - social problems
    - lack of basic needs
  - strong anti-communism
  - Gorbachev's willingness to change and reform
    - glasnost and perestroika
    - admitted mistakes
    - took blame fro Cold War
    - communist system had failed
    - **allowed Eastern Europe to do what they wanted**
  - Arms reduction talks
    - SALT, INF, Reagan-Gorbachev meeting
  - Soviet Mistakes
    - invasion of Afghanistan
    - ignored social concerns
    - spent tooo much money on military

Iran Contra Scandal-1986

traded weapons for people
gave $ to fight communism
this was illegal

Blogs

5-13-13

Comments