Democracy- people have a say in governments, freedoms (USA)
Capitalism- where people control and own businesses (USA)
Communism- dictatorship, no freedoms, everyone is equal, but everyone is poor (USSR)
Socialism- government owns and controls businesses (USSR)
Causes of Cold War-
Different political system, both thought their system was better and disturbed the others intentions, Stalin despised capitalism, Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference, American fear of a communist attack and USSR's fear of a US attack, USSR's fear of the atomic bomb, USSR's actions in their German zone, USSR's goal to spread communism around the world, this feeling of suspicion lead to mutual distrust and the did a great deal to deepen the Cold War.
Cold War Goals for US-
Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression, promote democracy, stop the spread of communism.
Cold War Goals for USSR-
Spread communism around the world, establish defensible borders, create greater security for itself, encourage friendly governments on its borders.
Yalta Conference- Before the end of WWII, Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt met at Yalta to plan what should happen when the war ended. They agreed on many points (establishment of the United Nations, Germany to be divided into four zones, free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe, Russia promised to join the war against Japan)
Key Terms:
Iron Curtain Speech- Winston Churchill's speech about Europe being split east and west.
Domino Effect- If one land falls into communism, the surrounding areas will too.
Policy of Containment- US foreign policy, that communist areas will fall apart if it does not spread.
Truman Doctrine- Money and aid to Grease and Turkey to prevent communism.
Marshall Plan- America going to help Europe rebuild to prevent communism.
Brinkmanship- Practice of going to the brink of war without actually going to stop others from doing something.
Massive Retaliation/ Mutual Deterrence/ Mutual Assured Destruction- Where if two people have equal power they won't go to war with each other.
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact- Made of the 12 pacific nations, working against aggression.
CIA vs. KGB- Central Intelligence Agency (USA), Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti (USSR)
Peaceful Coexistence- We don't have to like each other, but we can still get along without war.
De-Stalinization- Undoing what Stalin did.
Detente- Easing of hostilities, (USSR and USA).
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963- Banning of test nuclear bombs above ground.
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1968- We do not want nuclear weapons to spread to every country.
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (Treaty) 1972- Limited how many missiles we can have.
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 1972- Says we can't have antimissile launchers.
Comments