Mexico fighting for independence
The Beginnings- the struggle for Mexican independence dates back to the decades after the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire, when martin cortes.
Conspiracy of the Machetes- Pedro de la Portilla was the leadrer. in 1779 he arranged a meeting with about twenty other powerless youths. the meeting discussed the situation that Criollos found themsevles in, in relation to Peninsulares. the plan agreed on was to free prisoners, and with them storm the viceroys palace, thus capturing high officials. the conspirators then intended to proclaim the Independence of Mexico, declare was on Spain, and kill or expel the Peninsulares. the results was a failure.
Gritos de Dolores- Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla, a local priest and member of a group of educated Criollos met in saloons and in 1810 arrived at the conclusion that a revolt against the colonial government. October 30, Migual Hidalgos army encountered spanish resistance at the battle of Monte de las cruces, fought them and achieved victory. however, the rebal army failed to defeat the larger and heavily armed spanish army in Mexico city.
sides in the battle- Patriots- mexican insurgents. europeans and volunteers after 1819. Mexican ex-royalists. army of the three guaratees. Royalists- spanish royalists before 1821.
for the next 10 years... the mxicans were being held in check by the spanish. mexico was about to give up.
Chang in fortunes- in1820, when the royalist general iturbide changed sides and joined the rebels. he feared that Spain would fall into liberal hands, he made common cause between the rebels who desired to break with spain, and the mexican conservatives, to desired to avoid liberal reforms.
Spain tries to regain Mexico- battle of tempico- mexicans defeat spanish. on july 31, 1827 a force of 1500 mexicans under santa anna laid siege to 3000 spanish and cuban soldiers, under barradas, who landed in tampico.
Settling texas- The new country emerged essentially bankrupt from the war against spain. mexcio encouraged settlers to create their own militias for protection against hostile Indian tribes. the first group of colonists, known as the old three hundred, had arrived in 1822 to settle an empresarial grant that had been given to stephen f. austin. the mexican-born settlers in texas were soon vastly outnumbered by people born in the united states.
reason ofr settling texas- cheap land for the americans. new frontier. a weak country, doubted too many laws because they wanted the settles there for protection from the hostile indians.
Settling texas- the property tax law, intended to exempt immigrants from paying taxes for ten years, was overturned, and tariffs were increased on goods shipped from the united states. texas settlers had to comply with the federal prohibition against slavery or face military intervention.
republic of texas- results of the texas revo: republic of texas 1836-1845. mexico will try to regain texas but fails.
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