4-23-13

Santa Anna
- Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna was a leader of the Mexican forces at the battle of San Jacinto.
- Elected President 11 different times.
- Defeated at the battle of San Jacinto.
- Taken captive into Texas by a small band of Texan forces led by James Sylvester.
- Able to change into his fighting clothes into his president clothes in fifteen minutes.
- Re-entered politics and was elected President for the fifth time. Raised taxes, aroused resistance.
- From 1836-1876, constantly in and out of the government. He'd find a position of power, do terrible, lose power, then find power again. 11. different. times.
Turmoil of Mexican Government
- Mexico has issues even to this day with voting fraud and rigged elections.
Mexico's response to Annexing Texas.
- Mexico's response to annexing Texas was to declared war on the USA.
- This led to the short Mexican-American war.
- US gained much of the Southwestern US.
La Reforma
- A period in the 19th century, characterized by liberal reforms designed to modernize Mexico and turn it into a Nation state.
- Goals of the Reform:
  - Land redistribution.
  - Separation of Church and State.
  - Increased educational opportunities for the poor (the majority of the country's population).
- Led by President Juarez.
Juarez Rises to Power
- One of the most important presidents in the history of Mexico.
- As a liberal reformer, he led his nation to modernize.
- Did away with ties between State and Church.
- Promoted education for all mexicans
- Also led the country during civil wars and invasions from France.

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Anglo
- A white, English speaking American as distinct for a Hispanic American.
- In other words, an American that was going into Mexico territory (Texas at the time.)
Why would Americans go to Mexico
- Inexpensive land.
- More independence.
- Their ways of farming were ruining the soil and it was unsuitable for cotton, a big cash crops.
- The Spanish and Mexican governments were making a lot of land available for Anglo-Americans.
Why it Started.
- Racism
  - Whites called Mexicans "greasers" or "bean eater".
  - Mexicans called whites "gringo"
- Cultural Differences.
  - The Anglos from the United States had to make major cultural differences if they were going to fit permanently into their home.
    - Learning new languages.
    - Becoming Roman Catholic.
    - Following the Napoleonic Code
    - Forced to be in the Mexican Military.
- Governmental Differences
  - Forced to follow the Siete Leyes, placed almost all power in the Mexican Government.
- Slavery
  - There were no slaves under the Mexican government, any slave that passed the border was made free.
- The Physical isolation of Texas.
  - Mexico City was far away from Texas to send troops and enforce laws.
  - Texas was apart from the other states in the American colonies.
Strengths of Texas
- Approximately 2,000 men.
- Lost 850 men total.
- Sam Houston and his men carried out the revenge of San Jacinto against Santa Anna.
Strengths of Texas
- Had around 6,500 men
- Lost 2,500 total.
- Defeated when Santa Anna was captured and forced to sign a treaty.
What Happened.
- June 26, 1832 Battle of Velasco
- First violent incident
- Texas attacked For Velasco.
- Texans prevailed after the Mexicans surrendered.
- Texas Declaration of Independence - March 2, 1836.
- Revolution ended on April 21, 1836.
- After the war, Texas declared themselves the Republic of Texas.
Effects of the War
- Slavery
  - When it was Annexed, it was considered a slave state.
  - They did not have slavery when territory of Mexico.
- Republic of Texas
  - Free
  - Independent.
- Many people died
- Nobody survived on the Texans side
  - Battle of the Alamo only
Why Americans didn't follow Mexican laws.
- Mexico invited Americans to settle in Texas.
- Mexico won it's independence from Spain.
- The Texas territory rebelled against Mexico because they didn't want to follow Mexican rules.
- They didn't want to follow those rules because they were Americans-- it wasn't their country.

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4-23-13

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