Cold War:
Causes of the Cold War:
Immediate Causes:
-Truman declared the Truman Doctrine
-Started Peace Time Conference
-Launched Marshall Plan in 1947
-Stalin didn't want the Truman Doctrine
American Fear of Communist Attack:
-Nuclear war starting
-Take over the World
Trumans dislike of Stalin:
-Stalin was a murdering dictator
-Truman was a humantitarian democrat
-Stalin wanted to spread communism
-Disagreed over the future of Europe
Russias Fear of the Americans Atomic bomb:
-Thought it would end the world
-All out Nuclear War
-Would ruin way of life and communism
Russias dislike of capitalism:
-U.S was succeeding
-Captialsim: and economic sustem in which resources and motives of production were privatley owned.
Russias Actions in the Soviet Zone of Germany
Americas refusal to share nuclear secrets:
-secrets are part of any war
-(cold or hot) (Shooting or non- shooting)
Russias expansion west into eastern europe -Broken election promise
Russias fear of America Attack:
-Russia was afraid of our weapons
-our atomic bomb was created
Russias need for a secure border:
-Protection
-Invasion
-Attacks
Russias Aim for spreading world communism
-making more countries turn communist
Economics:
-The U.S wanted free trade
-soviet union wanted to shield off from international commerce
-Russia feared trade with the west would involve them being opened with western influences
Power Rivalry:
-After WW2, and decline of Europe, the SOviet Union and U.S shared power
-One wanted to dominate the other
Goals of the Cold War:
-wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
-Prmote democracy throughout the world,especially in Asia and Africa
-Stop the spread of communism
-wanted to create greater security for itself
-lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalins purges
-Establish efensible borders
-Encourage friendly governments on its borders
-Spread communism around the world
Policy of containment:
-Containment-US strategy to prevent the spread of communism around the world
-Response to Soviet Union spreading communism to smaller countries
-George F. Kennan in 1947
-Needed to work in fear of domino effect
Domino Effect:
-A main reason for the cold war
-Theory that communism would spread
Iron Curtain Speech:
-Winston Churchill
-Fulton, Missouri
-One of the most famous post-war speeches
From stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in teh Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent-Winston Churchill
The Sinews of Peace:
-Changed the Americans opinions of the communist East
The Marshall Plan:
-European reocvery program
-American program to help European countries after WW2
-prevent spread of communism
-Brought up by George Marshall
Goals of Marshall Plan:
-Rebuild land ruined by war
-remove trade barriers
-modernize industry
-offered to USSR but no accepted
-$13 billion
-part of post war recovery
Truman Docrtine:
-Policy set on March 12, 1947
-US suport Greece and Turkey
-Economic and military aid
-It was to Prevent falling into communism
-Historians-start of cold war
-Britain could no longer control because of money
-Requested the US to take over
-$400 million
Later used policy throughout Europe
Korean War:
-June 25 1950;-July 27 1953
-North Korea wen to war with south Korea
-MacArthur was general during Korean war
-Part of Korea wanted communism and part did not
Causes of Korean War:
-U.S wanted to stop the spread of communism
-Soviet union wanted to spread communism
-North Korean didnt want separate elections
-Norht Korea invaded South Korea
End of Korean War:
-1951 they requested a cease fire
-agreed to have it at existing parallel
-1953 North Korea signed an armistice
-North and South korea banned wars
-NOrth Korea is communist and South Korea is democratic
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