The Cold War (1945-1990)
*to stop the spread of communism
What does the cold war mean?
definition: -a political( (communism vs. democracy) strategic and ieological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union.
-spread throughout the world - Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
-the world was split in two after WW11
-as Soviets were pushing the Germans back they took over mroe land
-2 world started in Cold War: East and West
-East - Soviet Union (Communism)
-West-Western Europe, US, Canada (Free world)
Communism vs. Democracy
Democracy - a government where the people can choose and vote. They can critisize too. Free Society.
Communism - everyone is treated equal
Socialism vs. Capitalism
Capitalism- individuals or groups of individuals own businesses
Socialism - where the government controls businesses.
Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels
German. Came up with the idea of communism.
Karl Marx - poor people rise up and overthrow the rich to create a class of society where everyone is equal.
0. Goals of the Cold War/Post WW11
-containment: to stop the spread of communism
-wanted to promote democracy
-wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
Post WW11
-wspread communism around the world
-encourage friendly governments on it's borders
-establish defensible borders
-wanted to create greater security for itselt. lost tens of millions of people in WW11 and Stalin's purges. Feared a strong Germany
Topics:
1. Causes of the Cold War-
-Americans feared the Cold War
-Truman disliked Stalin
-Russia's fear of the atomic bomb
-Russia disliked capitalism
-Russia feared an American attack
-The United States and the Soviet Union represents two opposing systems of government - freedom vs. communism.
Economic
-the US wanted to encourage free trade all around the world
-Russia feared the free trade with the west would involve the risk of Russia being opened to western enfluences
Power Rivalry
-after the Second World War with the decline of Europe power was largely shared between the Soviet Union and US
-They both wanted to dominate each other and conflicts started
-two rivalries of the cold war were US and Soviet Union
-the Rivalry lasted from the late 40's till the collapse of the Soviet Union
-the superpowers threatened each other.
2. Policy of Containment: domino effect, Iron Curtain Speech, Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine-
-Used by US and thought we needed to have an intervention to stop it
Marshall Plan
-AKA the European Recovery Program
-was a large-scale American program to help Europe out by us giving them monetary supposrt to help rebuild European economies after WW11
Truman Doctrine
-the truman doctrine was a policy made by the President that...
3. House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)-
-went after Hollywood
-were very conserned with people that made movies
-were put on the "blacklist" for being sympathetic towards communism
-thought people would be brainwashed with that communist propasition
4. Senator Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism-
5. Berlin Blockade and Airlift-Brian-
6. China becoming communist-Mao-
7. NATO(beginning to present), de-Stalinization and peaceful co-existence-massive retaliation, mutual detterence
8. Nuclear Arms race(1945-1970)-
9. Fidel Castro and the Bay of Pigs-
10. The Cuban Missile Crisis-
11. The Berlin Wall--Going Up and Coming Down-
12. Nixon's visit to China-
13. 1970's Peace Attempts-Detente, Salt I, Salt II-
14. Effects of the Soviet's invasion of Afghanistan-
15. Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative(Missile Defense System today)-
16. Gorbachev's/Reagan's changing ways-perestroika and glasnost, INF Treaty-
17. The fall of Communism and the end of the Cold War-explain how it all went down-
18. The new map of Europe(up to present)-
19. Why the US won the Cold War-
20. Korean Conflict--
21. Vietnam Conflict
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