- Iron Curtain Speech- Given by Winston Churchill in 1946 in Missouri at West Minster Colloege. He said there was an iron curtain seperating the east (communist) and the west (democracy)- was the beginning of the Cold War
- Domino Theory (Effect)- Existed between 1950s & 80s- US Gov't philosophy that if one country went to communism they all would like a domino effect- Soviet Union to Eastern Europe to China to North Korea ...
- Policy of Containment- Policy for the US to help stop the spread of communism- 1947- Cold War- George Kennan came up with this policy to contain communism
- Truman Doctrine- March 12, 1947- Truman asked Congress for $400 million in military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece. Greece and Turkey had weak economies and were both facing pressure from the Soviets to become communist countries when the British quit providing financial aid for the 2 countries. We wanted to get their economies started so they would buy products from us and stop communism
- Marshall Plan- Jordan C. Marshal- Seceretary of State- 1947- aimed economically; rebuild Europe to make sure that communism didn't spread there
- Brinkmanship- Policy through 50s and 60s: US had to be willing to go to the brink of war without actually getting into war so the other country will back down- act tough so others back down
- Massive retaliation- 1946 Soviet Union would retaliate if US attacked them & US would do the same
- Mutual Deterrence/Mutual Assured Destruction- 1946- we had a massive response from attacks on Japan, when Soviet Union had nuculear bombs like we did: made the world safer because we didn't want to bomb them. When both sides have the same weapons so the same amount of destruction would occur in both countries.
- NATO vs. Warsaw Pact- 2 alliances in the cold war: North Atlantic Treaty Organization- US, Canada, Western Europe- Warsaw Pact: Western European countries, Soviet Union; Warsaw pact dispanded when Soviet Union fell apart and NATO now has almost all European Countries and some in Africa
- CIA vs. KGB- organization that gathers intelligence and spied on each other: Central Intelligence Agency- KGB: Soviet Union's equivalent to the CIA- dispanded when Soviet Union fell apart
- Peaceful Coexistence- the idea of socialist and capitalism living together in a peaceful world- Nikita Kruchef- strong armed his way into becoming the next strong leader of the Soviet Union: believed in coexistence; believed war wasn't inevitable
- De-Stalinization- late 50s- getting rid of the influence of Stalin
- Detente- 1970s- french for relieveing of tensions- policy by nixon to relieve political tension between US and Soviet Union
- Perestroika- 1980s-
- Glasnost- 1980s-
- Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963- came from nuclear missle crisis when we were closest to going to nuclear war- ban testing of nuclear missiles/ bombs above ground: tested underground
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1968- was to prevent the spread of nucleur weapons to every country in the world- use nuclear power for better things such as electricity
- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (Treaty)- 1972- Soviet Union talked about limiting nuclear weapons & reducing the amount they had- later became a treaty in 1972
- Anti- Ballistic Missile Treaty 1972- prevented US and Soviet Union from making anti- ballistic missle technology that could destroy a missile that was shot at us from another country
Nucleur confirmed- ok to have nuclear weapons
US
Russia
China
U.K.
France
North Korea- just added
Pakistan- just added
India- just added
IsraelIran- trying
United Nations
All countries but 3 are part of it- Taiwan, Vatican City
2 major changes- we joined, military force
General Assembly
Security Council
3 major actions- Wage war on countries that are agressive, send peace keepers, economic sanctions
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