Roanoke-
1584 Queen Elizabeth I granted Sir Walter Raleigh a charter to go settle in North America.
Established in 1585
It is a colony funded by London Co. so mother country is England.
First English Colony
Sir Walter Raleigh-
Writer, poet, soldier, and explorer
Married a lady in waiting to Queen Elizabeth I.
When back in England the king had him locked up
He then was released, and set out to find the “City of Gold” (not successful)
He was later imprisoned again but this time he was executed.
Raleigh NC is named after him.
One of the biggest tobacco producers in USA, part of “Tabacco Road”
Virginia Dare-
First child born in America to English parents
Granddaughter to John White
John White-
English artist
Known for being the 1st governor of Roanoke
Went back to England to resupply for the Roanoke settlement and when he returned all that was left was the “Cro” probably for the word Croaton which was an indian tribe.
The houses were disassembled so it is very unlikely that they left quickly or forced to leave.
Known and the lost colony
How they may have died out:
Captured by Indian tribes (most likely)
Lost at sea
Spanish
Dare Stones
Virginea Pars Map
Jamestown-
First permanent English colony
Established by Virginia Company of London
Jamestown is located in current day Virginia
Mother country is England
Established as a fort in 1607, as a town in 1619.
Captain John Smith-
Did a decent job at communicating with the Native even though it almost cost him his life, Pocahontas saved him.
He was forced to return back to England after an explosion.
The next guy to come take leadership was Goerge Percy. He was a dog in Pocahantas.
Pocahontas-
Daughter of the Powhatan
Married John Rolphe, not John Smith
Did however save John Smith from being killed by her father.
Moved back to England with her husband.
This was done to show that she could be a civilized Indian.
She died a year later from unkown causes, she was only 22 or 23.
Chief Opchanacanough
His name meant He whose soul is white
Lead a massacre in 1622 to rid his world of the white man
This raid killed 1/3 of the settlers of Jamestown
Was captured in 1646, and later shot in the back by a guard.
He was 92 years old when he died.
Jamestown ugly winter-
The winter of 1609-1610 was known as the "starving time"
Over 80 percent of the colony died
Most tried cannibalism to stay alive, one man even killed his wife and ate her.
Bacon's Rebellion-
First known rebellion where the colonists took part in present day USA
Declaration of the people of Virginia. The declaration criticized Berkely's administration in detail. It accused him of levying unfair taxes, appointing friends to high positions, and failing to protect frontier settlers from indians.
Bacon went out and got the Occaneechi Indian tribe to go fight the Susquehanock tribe and when Occ. left then he murdered their men, women, and children.
He would continue to wage war with the indian tribes in the area
He was upset that Berkeley still hadn't stepped down from his position of power and started targeting him and his followers.
Eventually Berkeley fled and then Bacon burned down jamestown.
Bacon later died of dysentery before Enland could send forces to punish him.
Lasting effects- Many of Bacon's followers went back to England.
23 of Bacon's followers that stayed were hanged.
Charles the II then relieved Berkeley of his duties because he was upset that he had killed more men than he did for the killing of his father.
Plymouth Rock Colony-
Founded in 1620
Located in the Southeast part of Massachusetts around Cape Cod.
2nd permanent site of an English colony in present day USA
The London Co. funded this expedition, so the mother country is indeed England.
The two ships that sailed over to USA were the mayflower and speedwell.
Around 90 people on the Mayflower and 30 on the speedwell
Variety of people made the journey:
indentrued servants, puritans, and separatists.
This area in the land is also considered to be New England.
Mayflower Compact was their document for the intent of which was to establish a means of governing the colony.
The colony/ settlement also suffered a terrible first winter as well.
Lost over 40 percent of the settlers.
Issues were that they were not able to build the houses by winter, so many had to continue to stay on the ships.
Myles Standish-
An English military officer who was hired by the pigrims as a military advisor.
He was elected to the office of commander by the Plymouth colony Militia.
Known for his attacks in the Nemasket raid and the Wessagusset massacre.
Known for his courage when fighting against the Native Americans, but also his brutality.
Tisquantum-
AKA- Squanto
A Native American who helped the settlers out after there first winter in the New world.
In 1614, he was captured by Thomas Hunt , a lieutenant of John Smith and sold in slavery.
He then was able to convince the English to send him back home, and they allowed this and he was able to learn a lot of English during this time.
Known for helping the Pilgrims in their first Thanksgiving.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (Salem as the focus)-
Settled in 1626
Located in the northeast part of modern day Massachusetts
Originally set up to be a fishing community
The mother country of Salem is indeed England.
Their founder is Roger Conant.
Key players-
John Winthrop
A wealthy English Puritan lawyer
Served as governor for 12 of the first 20 years of exisistence.
He was a very religious man even by Puritan standards.
His son, John, became a founder of Connecticut.
John Hathorne-
Born into a well-established Salem family on August 5, 1641.
Salem magistrate and was chosen by Governor Sir William Phips to be a judge in the Salem Witch Trials.
Kown for treating the witches as they were guilty and that they needed to prove their innocence
Known as the hanging judge.
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