Rationing
Healthcare
rationing limited supply of iron lungs for people with polio
dialysis machines were rationed for patients with kidney failures
Credit
banks couldn’t hand out as many loans
changed the price of loans (interest rate)
Other things
Gas
Oil
Clothes
Rubber
Metal
Food- a lot of food was sent over to the troops. Every American was issued a ration book to distribute food, once their stamps were gone, they couldn’t buy any more of that food for the rest of that month.
Manhattan Project
What was it?
project that made the first atomic bomb during WW2
led by the US but had help from United Kingdom and Canada
Employed more than 130,000 people
Cost the US 2 billion (26 billion in 2014 dollars)
Research and production was in more than 30 places throughout US, UK, and Canada
Two types of atomic bombs
plutonium, uranium
lead scientist was J Robert Oppenheimer
Took place in Los Alamos
July 16, 1945- First atomic bomb took place “Trinity Test”
Propaganda
US made posters and ads about the american allies being better than the enemies
increased support for the war
People made more victory gardens and helped out more
Comic books, animations, cartoons
Conservation was the largest theme for propaganda
what they were trying to do
join military
rations
grow victory gardens
war bonds
War Bonds
How the government paid for military and war
You paid less than it was really cost
Later you would get paid back
Hollywood and sport's role in WWII
Hollywood
made films about the war
became popular on TV
people watched the films for a connection with the war
Sports
Football players stopped to fight
Many players died or were injured
Losing manhood
FDR said that sports need to go on during war
Office of Censorship
was an emergency war agency
used with communication in the US
set up on dec. 19th 1941
limited information on:
presidential travel
weather
military updates
What happened to Asian/Japanese Americans?
Executive order 9066 - Removed Japanese from their communities
120,000 Japanese Americans were sent to “relocation camps”
127,000 Japanese lived in America (mostly on the westcoast.)
10 camps in remote areas of California, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, Texas, and Arkansas
facilities were fenced with barbed wire and guarded by armed soldiers.
families worked, studied, and lived their lives in the barracks
camps housed approximately 8,000 people, functioned as communities.
government provided medical care, schools, and food, and adults had camp jobs - in food service, agriculture, medical clinics, as teachers, other jobs required for daily life.
1944- shutting down the camps. by 1946 all Japanese had been released to rebuild their lives.
Things people did to help the war
6.5 million females entered the workforce during the war
African Americans continued the Great Migration north, filling factory jobs.
teenagers pitched in to fill the demand for new labor.
Government launched liberty and victory loan drives
Americans were issued books of stamps for key items such as gasoline, sugar, meat, butter, canned foods, fuel oil, shoes, and rubber.
Women
Families were being split up
They had to do jobs men used to do like work in factories and steel mills.
Had to work outside of the house for the first time.
350,000 women served in the armed forces to help out.
Many volunteered as nurses, members of home defense units, or as a full time member of the military.
Mothers and the older sisters would work in factories.
Young People
Young mothers with young kids were evacuated from cities that were considered to be a danger.
Have the younger children sleep in shelters to protect them from bombings.
Had to get jobs younger to help out their family
Many children left school to get jobs or go into the military.
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