Gone in class(3/27/2014) today but i got these notes
WAR IN EUROPE
D-Day - Operation Overlord
June 6, 1944
Largest amphibious assault in world history
fought on the beaches of Normandy, France.
160,000 allied troops landed on 50 miles of fortified coastline
9,000 allies lost their lives
This was US, British, and Canadian forces
WHY ARE WE INVADING FRANCE?
Hitler had taken it over since 1940.
German generals thought that we would come at the smallest part of the strait.
The German Air Force was grounded because of the bad weather.
156,000 Allied troops from the United States, the UK, Canada, Free French, and Norwegian troops.
The Atlantic Wall
Germany built pill boxes and Czech hedgehogs along the coast.
By June 11, we had control of all the beachheads
Battle of the Bulge
Hitler’s goal was to get to the English Channel.
Single largest battle in WWII in terms of loss of life.
It was very very cold
well over one million men that fought in this battle
19,000 Americans killed
The Malmedy Massacre
86 American soldiers were murdered, was the worst atrocity committed against American troops during the course of the war in Europe.
Battle of Berlin
April, 1945
Last battle in Europe
Hitler committed suicide
Russia and the US were closing in on Russia
V-E Day
May 8, 1945
Victory in Europe Day
JAPAN
War With Japan
Started December 8, 1941
We stopped selling iron ore, steel and oil to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in China and French Indochina. We also wouldn’t agree to any of their attempts to get us to trade with them again. They saw this as an act of aggression.
We went to war with them because they attacked Pearl Harbor.
Generals
Douglas MacArthur (US Army General)
He was ordered to exercise authority through the Japan government, including Emperor Hirohito.
His headquarters was located in the Dai Ichi Life Insurance Building in Tokyo.
Him and his staff helped Japan rebuild itself, institute democratic government, and chart a new course that made Japan one of the world’s leading industrial powers.
Chester Nimitz (Commander in Chief of The Navy)
Ten days after the attack on Pearl Harbor he was selected as Commander in Chief.
He took command in a ceremony on the top deck of the submarine USS Grayling. The change of command ceremony would normally have taken place aboard a battleship, but every battleship in Pearl Harbor had been either sunk or damaged during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
He successfully organized his forces to halt the Japanese advance despite the losses from the attack on Pearl Harbor and the shortage of ships, planes and supplies.
Navajo Code Talkers
The US needed a code that couldn't be decoded by the Japanese so they recruited Navajo Indians to use their language as part of the new code.
US war plans (Island Hopping)
- Island hopping (also called leapfrogging) was a strategy by which the american forces, instead of attacking heavily fortified japanese positions they instead focused on more strategically important positions that were not as well defended but still capable of being a launch point for the main island of japan.
Air Raid
- they had to lighten the bombers because they could not get off the aircraft carriers
FDR's War message
- Pearl Harbor was not the only area Japan attacked on December 7
- Last night japanese forces attack hong kong
Battle of Coral sea
- the first battle where the battle was almost all at sea
- lasted 2 days
- numbers wise Japan won
- but ultimately The allies won
Midway
- it was one of the most important naval battles
- it was at first a surprise attack but we depicted there codes
- after Midway Japan was never the same and on there way to the end of the war between Japan
Bataan Death March
- Japan made Americans march through rough jungle tarain until death
Kamikazes
- were basically suicide bombers that flew into the ships
Iwo Jima - Febuary-March, 1945
- it was an american victory
- it is famous for the raising of the flag
- the main goal was to capture the 3 airfields
- there was a lot of use of flame throwers
Okinawa
- it was 82 days long
- it was one of the largest amphibians attacks of the war
- we wanted it for its large airfield
- we were bombing Japan everyday
Atomic Bombs
- the first bomb was dropped in Hiroshima
- the bombs took off from Tiniean
- Paul Tibits dropped the bombs
- they had to make a plane that could carry the heavy bomb
Comments