Monday- went over forum posts. Went over the Soviet Union and America in WWII. Test later this week over the allied powers
Tuesday- continued with the US in WWII
Wednesday - U.S. in WWII
Thursday- Test on Monday
Soviet Union in WWII
USSR Prior to WWII
-Russia drops out of WWI (1917) to fight the Bolshevik Revolution
- Russia became communist and changed name to USSR in 1922
-Purges and deportations to slave labor camps in Siberia(Gulags)
-Strengthened the intelligence and secret service to protect himself
- Created a "Cult of Personality"
- Nationalization and collectivization of the Soviet economy - the government took over businesses.
-Industrializations of the Soviet economy
-Five Year Plans
- Policies led to famine in Ukraine ( 5- 10) died-considered a genocide by some)
- Banned religion
USSR in WWII
- Soviet Union German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact in 1939 leading to the invasion of Poland
-Also invaded Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Finland in 1939
-Signed Neutrality Pact with japan in 1941
-Invaded by German in June, 1941
- Stalin instituted his retreat and "scorched earth" policies
-The Russian winter of 1941-42 changed the tide of the war
Operation Barbarossa - Hitlers plan to takeover the Soviet Union. Leningrad, Stalingrad and Moscow
US in WWII
- Bataan Death March- Philippines- 1942- up to 10,000 Filipino and 650 American POW’s died during march. Japanese were terrible
- Doolittle’s Raid- April, 1942 - Jamie Doolitte- was in charge of training pilots to bomb Japan, by taking planes off of ships. First positive thing for the US
- Battle of Coral Sea- First Turning Point in Pacific. We didn’t win and neither did Japan, but we stopped the advance into Australia
-Battle of Midway- June, 1942- Major Turning point in Pacific. We won destroying Japan. Their planes, boats, and couldn’t really come back from that. We won because of MAGIC- the code name of Japanese plans.
Island hopping- invade one island and defend, then jump over a few, and go to the next. The ones that we didn’t invade wouldn’t be able to get trade, so they would have to surrender, or die.
Guadalcanal- was the first was the first time the US went on the offence. We win.
Kamikazes- Japanese planes would be full of bombs and then hit the ship so that the ship would blow up.
Battle of Leyte Gulf- Philippines 2 years after lost the Philippines to the Japanese. Then we got the Philippines back.
Iwo Jima- February-March of 1945- Shelling the Island a week before we invaded. Then we got on the island there was nothing from the Japanese. But then they attacked. 6,821 US deaths at Iwo Jima
Battle of Okinawa- April-June, 1945- first island we invaded that was Japans homeland. We won.
Summer on 1945-Preparing for the Invasion of Japan.
-Operation Downfall
- Planned for October, 1945
-Estimated to have over 1 million casualties
-Estimated to have 267,000 deaths
- Why did this never take place. Because we had the atomic bombs so dropped the instead.
The Manhattan Project – 1939- 1945 was the making of the atomic bomb. Trinity Test- July 16th, 1945 first test of the Atomic bomb.
Enola Gay- was the plane that dropped the atomic bomb. Paul Tibbits was the pilot.
Potsdam Conference – July, 1945
- On July 26th, the United States, Great Britain, and China issued the Potsdam Declaration
-Announced the terms for Japan’s surrender. How
- “We will not deviate from them. There are not alternatives.
- Dismantle the current government of Japan. (Excluding Emperor Hirohito )
- The Allies (US) will occupy Japan
- Japan will consist only of the major islands (Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku). It will lose all territory gained in WWII and years leading up to it.
- Japanese military force will be disarmed and allowed to return home
-There will be war crimes trials for the atrocities committed by Japan throughout WWII
-Democracy will be promoted as well as Freedom of speech, religion, and the thought, as well as respect for fundamental human rights
- Japan will be allowed to have industry so they can make money to pay for reparations. World trade will also be enabled at some point.
-Allied (US) occupation of Japan (1945- 1952) will end once Japan accomplishment all the above points
- “We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to Provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction “President Harry Truman
WWII Major Battle/ operations Timeline Vs. Germany
- Battle of the Atlantic – 1941- 1945
Operation Torch (Invasion of Morocco) – We invade North Africa because we thought that they were the weakest and then later Italy. Italy surrendered but it was hard because German still had control of Italy
-The German Westwall- to keep Germans out and slow down military advances
- German U-Boats
After repeated attacks by German U-boats on U.S ships in the Fall of 1941 FDR announced that he had ordered the US navy to attack German and Italian war ships in the waters.
Convoy System- Go in large groups. Supply ships would be in the middle while war boat would be on the outside
Allied Intelligence
-Churchill and Roosevelt knew the importance of intelligence in safeguarding Allied commerce to defeat the Axis powers
-The allies shared information from RADAR and High Frequency Radio Direction finding
- RADAR provided a means of detecting vessels and aircraft above the surface
-HF/DF was used to locate the sources of enemy radio transmissions such as submarines
- Allied intelligence leaders began sharing code- breaking secrets, known as “very special intelligence “ and classified under cover-names like “ultra” and “magic”
Hunter – Killers
-With the information that we were given from code- breaking, we would go hunt, track and kill the
Depth Charges- a bomb from ships that would go down and destroy submarines
Dwight Eisenhower
- D-Day-Operation over load June 6, 194
D-Day was the passing over the British Cannel and on to Omaha beach. We invaded France because France was taken over by Germany
-156,000 Allied troops from the US, UK
-By June 11, with the beachheads firmly secured. More than 326,000 troops had crossed with more that n100, 000 tons of military equipment. Two months later Paris was liberated on August 25, Germany surrender on May 8th, 1945
Women in WWII
- Rosie the Riveter- represented women workers in WWII
-Told them not to buy things off the black market
- Wanted women to be nurses
-There are other jobs such as, farm, sales, bus drivers, typers, time keeps, teachers, conductors and others
- We won too because women did many things for the military
-Women’s Army Corps- doing things for the military and the Navy, like telephone operator
-Flew planes
“Tokyo Rose” – Iva Toguri
- Forced to broadcast propaganda to the allied troops for Japan
- In these radio programs, she taunted the troop and played music from home
- She was a US citizen in Japan
-Convicted of treason
Native Americans – Navajo Code talkers ( with intelligence )
-Navajo people would give codes in their language
African Americans in WWII
- African Americans troops were segregated with all black units
-Tuskegee Institute/ Airmen- were not seen as good people, but they did bombing campaigns in Italy
Asian Americans in WWII- women worked and the men fought.
Hollywood in WWII
- Hollywood’s job was to make propaganda movies making Japan and German terrible and the US the best.
-Before movies started they would play the news to know what is going on in the world
- Bob Hope and the USO (United Service Organizations) Tour – was set up to go around to areas where American troops were and entertain them. Bob Hope was the most famous.
Kilroy Engraving on the WWII Memorial in DC- Stalin and Hitler thought that Kilroy James Kilroy was a man who worked on the docks, and would draw on crates that would be sent all over the world.
OPA and Rationing
-Rationing- limiting how much someone can get something.
- Food rations included restriction on sugar and meat clothing rations restricted sild and nylon.
-Gasoline rationing began in May 1942 limiting use to five gallons per week.
- Because of the stickers and rationing the black market started.
Yalta Conference Feb 1945- The last conference with Churchill, Stalin and FDR
- Before the end of the WWII Stalin Churchill ad Roosevelt met at Yalta, USSR to plan what should happen when the war ended. The agreed to the following
1.) The establishments of the United Nations
2.) Germany to be divided into four zones
3.) Free elections allowed in the states of Easter Europe
4.) USSR promised to join the war against Japan after the war was over with Germany
V-E Day May 8, 1945- The war is over. Victory in Europe
FDR Dies, Harry Truman is sworn in April 12, 1945. FDR dies right before his 4th term.
The Battle of the Bulge
-Hitler’s Last attempt to win the war. Last offensive
-The Bloodiest battle
-The coldest, snowiest weather in memory in the Ardennes
- Over a million men 500,000 Germans, 600,000 Americans and 55,000 British
-On the boarder of Germany, in Belgium
- The Malmedy Massacre, where 86 Americans soldiers were murdered, was the worst atrocity committed against American Troops during the course of the war in Europe
- The battle of the Bulge was the worst battle in the terms of losses to the Americans Forces in WWII
Comments