Munich Conference
- Britain, France, and Italy
- Czechoslovakian prime minister was not invited
- Signed at 1 am on September 30th, but was dated September 29th, 1938
- The western leaders agreed to divide Czechoslovakia with the promise that Hitler would take no more land
- The goal was Adolf Hitler would annex (add) the Sudetenland (western regions of Czechoslovakia where ethnic Germans lived)
- It promised the Czech army would get away from the “German areas”
- The western leaders agreed to divide Czech with the promise that Hitler would take no more land. He ended up with a lot more.
- The agreement failed and a couple years later, WWII started
- They met for the meeting in Munich, Germany
Invasion of China
- The decisions that led to the Japanese invasion of China were made by the Japanese Army and politicians either friendly to the Army or intimidated by it.
- japanese launched a full scale invasion of china in 1937 it was called the second sino-japanese war
- japanese claimed the chinese fired at them at marco polo bridge, which began the war.
- Within 5 months, 1 million Chinese were under control of the Japanese
- All major cities of china were captured by the end of 1937
- chinese forces were unable to effectively resist the japanese. japan had a modern, well-equipt army. china did not.
- China had not industrialized like Japan.
- The country did not have the capability of designing and manufacturing modern weapons
- US and soviet union put an end to the war
- They attacked the Japanese by dropping the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima
- the dropping of this bomb also put an end to ww2
- After the Allied victory in the Pacific, General Douglas MacArthur ordered all Japanese forces in China to surrender
- Japanese troops in china formally surrendered on September 9, 1945
- Chinese casualties were around 20 million
- wounded around 15 million
- japanese suffered of a total of 1,055,000
- The conflict lasted from 1937 to 1945, 8 years, 1 month, and 3 days
The German Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
- a pact between nazi germany and the soviet union
- Soviet Union Leader, Joseph Stalin did this to keep his country at peace with Germany while they built up a military
- Agreed not to take any military action for the next 10 years
- It kept a secret agreement in which Germany and Soviets agreed that later they would divide up Eastern Europe
- Fought a two front war in ww1
- The two front war split
- Hitler didn’t want to repeat the same mistake that happened in WWI
- Russia didn’t want them against germany
- This agreement between the nazis and soviets greatly affected eastern europe
- In the exchange for the Soviets not to join the future war, Germany gave them Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (The Baltic States)
- When WWII started the Soviets did not join the fight against Germany
- the nazis and the soviets kept the terms of the pact and the protocol until Germany’s surprise attack and the invasion so the soviets union on june 22, 1941
- Hitler used the pact to make sure Germany was able to invade Poland unopposed
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