What was the New Deal (1st and 2nd) and its goals (3 R's)?
1st new deal: 1933-1934 attempt to save the capitalistic system help the banks
2nd new deal: 1935-1938 dealt with the class conflict of society help the individual
Three R’s:
Relief-for the people
Recovery- recover from the depression
Reform- glass/segal act, social security mainly provided for unemployment, economic and bank systems.
Why did people criticize the New Deal?
Charles Coughlin-said that FDR was not helping out the poor people
The pension plan could be funded by the federal tax on all sales
Huey long- the new deal was not distributing the money the way he wanted to. Tax the wealth and large handouts to the poor. He wanted no one to make more then a million dollars and no lessthe 4,000 dollars.
Why FDR upset with the US Supreme Court was and what did he do to try to solvethis issue?
Most of the Supreme Court was against FDR’s new deal then FDR was able to add one new guy for everyone who is over 70 it was not passed though
Court-Packing Plan passed FDR’s way of stacking the Supreme Court so he could pass the new deal
How did the New Deal help:
Unemployed
The CCC helped unemployed people get back to work, they had to join a peace army, and men in the CCC received $30 per month, made 97,000 miles of road, planted 3billion trees. FERA- gavemoney out to the states who gave it to people who need money it also gave foodclothing and jobs to people.
PWA- passed June 19, 1933, built the Oregon capital building and a New York bridge, it did not work cause the building that were built because the house were to expensive for them.
WPA-helped to feed children, helped fund many things like art history and American culture, provided nearly 1 million students to find some kind of work. CWA-created in 1933, hired 4million people,
CWA took several millions relief recipients of welfare and gave them regular wages, it lasted 6 months b/c the workers were given high wages.
Farmers:
SCA and DAA- passed 1936 helped to conserve soil and paid the farmers protected sharecroppers and tenant farmers gave directives to conserve=e soil in the “high plane” during the dust bowls. Educatedfarmers on how to use their land carefuly
FSA-created by Ruxford Tugwell stared because of the failure of the AAA bought out small farms that were not economically stable the took a lot of pictures about the struggling farmers sothat the legislature
TVA passed 1933 to construct dams and power plants along the Tennessee River helped flood and navigation control. The conservation of natural resources, and thegeneration of electricity
AAA 1933 payment for reducing there crop planting got taken over by the 2nd AAA b/c the first one was unconstitutional
factory workers/labor-FLSC -increasedminimum wage and improved working hours. 40 hors per week and 40 cents forminimum wage. Excluded women and African American from working. It made it sochildren under the age of 14 could not work.
NRA and the NIRA set minimum wages and maximum hours per week was not successful un-proficient
Young people- NYA: established 1935 allowed young people to stay in schoolwhile unemployed
Banks/business/stock market:
Passed in 1935 Provides the FDIC as a permanent angancy of the government, strengthen the FRB in the field of credit management, tightened existing restrictions on banks
Glass-Segal act/allowed Federal Reserve to regulate interest rates. Tried to stop deflation, expanded the Federal Reserve ability to offer rediscounts on more types of assets.
Federal Security Act- passed1933 required investors to give full stock info stop fraud the sales of the public
Security Exchange Commission- created in 1934 it regulate the stock market
Glass-Segall Act established in1933, banking reformed and controlled speculations FDIC 600 banks failed between 1921-1929stilll around today
Emergency Banking Relief Act-closed down Insolvent banks helped bigger banks to so business. Made allowed the president to declare a national emergency and made banking illegal unless ithad President Roosevelt’s say so
Home owners:
elderly:
Native Americans:
IRA- could manage their own land in 1933, could self govern themselves, and
Reversed the Daws Act,
Consumer
Food drug and cosmetics act passed 1938 passed overseeing food drug and cosmetics.
Describe the culture of the 1930's.
Key terms:
Hundred Days- FDR’s first 100 days in office were he passed 15 major bills,
fireside chats- FDR went on the radio talking about keeping peoples trust inthe banks
priming the pump-gov’t action taken to stimulate the economy out of theresection
Deficit spending- the gov’t buys goods and services and it makes debt
Brain trust- the smart people Roosevelt sounded him self with to give him advice
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