Today we are starting to present and take notes.
26th we took a quiz as well.
Joesph Stalin- leader of USSR which was allied. Came to power with power struggle and he became secretary general which is leader, 1927 til 1953. Industrialized his country moved away from agriculture and people died from starvation. Farmers fought back, collectivization was trying to make all farms into big farm. 5 year plan, in 5 years they wanted to improve. He was ruthless. Mass murderer. Great purges, he couldn't trust the people in the government so he killed them. Stalin and Hitler signed and agreement so that they didn't fight and so they invaded Poland. It gave trade. Hitler didn't like Stalin a communist and Hitler eventually broke the pact and invade the Soviet Union. Scorched Earth Policy would just burn things so the German couldn't use it. Leon Tratski is who he fought. Leningrad/Moscow/Stalingrad. The end-Berlin. Born in Georgia, short. Cold war was a nuclear build up but never went to war with Soviet Union.
17th our group presented.
Mussolini-More efficiently, Axis, know what Fascism means-militarism, nationalism, and imperialism. Nothing against the state, outside the state, or above the sate-Country is number 1. Eastern Europe for imperialism. Invaded Africa and Ethiopia. Rome Berlin Axis. Italy's gov't was weak always had to be bailed out by Hitler. He was second fiddle to Hitler.
Hitler- Adolf Hitler Notes on Google Doc. on Drive.
- born in 1889 in Austria
- dropped out of school at 16
- wanted to be and artist and architect
- failed to get into art school
- moved to Germany in 1913
- joined German Army when WWI broke out
- was wounded twice (once by gas)
- won numerous medals
- accepted the “stab in the back” theory
-hated Weimer Republic
- joined the Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi) after WWI
- voted Fuhrer (Leader) of the Nazi Party in 1921
- Nazi party attracted the following groups of people:
1. Manual laborers
2. Former soldiers
3. Adventurers and misfits
- The Nazi Party:
1. was violently nationalistic
2. was anti-Semitic (anti-Jew)
3. Hated the democratic Weimer Republic
4. talked of the Volk (German common people) superiority
Beer Hall Putsch (1923)
- Hitler and the Nazis tried to take over the German Gov’t
- Failed miserably
- Hitler was arrested for treason
- Got five years but only served 9 months
- While in prison he wrote his book Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
- Outlined Hitler’s ideas:
1. Aryans were the superior race
- Germans, Dutch, Belgians, Scandinavians and English
- No interbreeding
2. Anti-Semitic beliefs
- Hated Jews, inferior race
- Hitler associated them with the Weimer Republic and
Communism
3. Hated democracy
- Believed one person had to have the power to keep order and
Discipline
4. Undo the Treaty of Versailles
5. Re-unite German speaking peoples
- Austria, Sudetenland, Danzig, Poland
6. Lebensraum
- “Living space” in Russia for the German People
- Hitler also learned that he would have to come to power legally
- January 30, 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany
- Within 18 months Hitler had total power and created “The Third Reich”
FDR- went to Harvard for law degree, New York City Law firm, Governor of NY, VP in 1920, State Senate of NY, 1932 Herbert Hoover. Truman was VP in last term. look at someone else's notes for better ones. Married Elanor his cousin. New deal programs, SCC, AAA-farm or whatever, CCC-jobs for young guys 18-25, WPA-jobs for musicians. Spent a lot during presidency so we went into debt. People said he wasn't doing enough but then people said he was. Communist. During WW2 neutrality, Pearl Harbor, Pacific War, Africa, Italy, D-Day, The End. Neutrality we stayed out of, passed a lot of acts for it. Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941and dec. 8 1941 infamy blah blah idk. Pearl Harbor Dec. 7 and us declared war. 32, 36, 40, and 44 years he was president. Closed the banks and reopened them making them safer. Atomic Bombs aug. 1945. Pacific War dec.-jun. 1942 island hopping. Africa. Italy. Dday. Sep. something.
Winston Churchill-in the army, born in wealthy family, struggled in school cause he had a lisp. Involved with govt in 20's. Lost prime minister ship in 45 and became it in 39 and then again in 51-55. He had a lot of strokes. battle of Britain, defeated by Attlee, soft underbelly of Europe.
Hirohito- Japan and Tojo- Japan
Japan
Dictatorship also came to Japan
-not through a political party but the military
History
-rich military tradition
-feudal clans fought each other for dominance in Japan
-The Emperor presided over the Japanese government
-came form divine origin
-descendant of the Sun Goddess
-played minor role in the government
-he was above politics
-shogun had the political power
-ruled in the name of the Emperor
Japanese society
Landowning clans dominated
-protected by the samurai
Wealthy merchant class
Peasants
-most of the people of Japan
Japan was very isolated until 1853 when US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed in to Japan and forced them to open their ports.
In the late 1800’s many Japanese were tired of being controlled by foreign countries.
-adopted western ways in hopes to keep Western Powers out of their country
heavy industry
modern army
strong navy
Showed off new power in several wars
Sino-Japanese War
-1894-95
-Japan won
Russo-Japanese War
-1904-05
-Japan shocked the world by beating Russia
-gained partial control of Manchuria
World War I
-allied with the US
-gained German Islands in the Pacific after the war
1920’s
-gave all men the right to vote
-signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
-joined the League of Nations
-signed the Kellog-Briand Pact
1930’s
-Great Depression changed everything
-people blamed the government for tough times
-military leaders stepped in and took control
-said Japan had to expand in to Asia to help economy
-assassinated political leaders that opposed them
-took away people’s rights
Japanese Military Honor
fight to the death
commit suicide rather than surrender
gekokujo
-open defiance of superior officers by junior officers
-seen as a positive thing
-shows the spirit of the soldier
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