Continued the presentations again.1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?Central powers and Allied forces-imperialism - strong countrie takes over a weaker country-militarism - a country uses there military to take over another country-nationalism - having strong pride for your country-assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand-Ally Powers are Japan, U.S., Great Britain, France, Russia.-Central Powers: Germay, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Kingdom of Bulgaria, and Austria-Hungary.2. What were the major alliances of WWI?-Biggest Allied Powers: US, France, Great Britain, Italy, Russia-Russia and Serbia-Germany and Austria-Hungary-France and Russia-Britain and France and Belgium-Japan and Britain3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?Albania- was wanting to be independent and didn't want counrties to take it overAustria-Hungary- didn't want Serbia to take them over. Serbia was bombing themBelgium- Keep independence from GermanyBrazil- neutral at begining wanted to keep trade.China- wanted to free them of treaties and put in Wilson's 14 pointsCosta Rica and Cuba against Germany and didn't want submarine warfare- sinking shippsGermany-Started the war against Russian's mobilization (getting ready to fight) wanted to sercure and maintain German unificationRussia- Eliminate Germany as a competitor and wanted to be know as a world powerFrance-Tready with Russia avenge military defeats in the past and weaken the German's EconomyBrittain-Defend Belgium and become a Super PowerAmerica-German sinking ships democracy4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?Battle of Mons- British Expeditionary Force, then met a German army unexpected, in france, british troops still retreated against them 1914Battle of Tannerberg- Russians and Germany. Russias invaded them. one of the Generals Samsonov commited suicide after the bad defeat.Battle of Marne- German and French, saved Paris from GermanyBattle of Aisne- Allies against the Germans 1st and 2nd armies, Allied forces were slow due to fatigue and caution, didnt really have a winnerBattle of Albert- part if the race to the sea, started the whole trench warfare. both sides werent able to make decisive ground. wanted to dirve west for industrial and food and stuff5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?ALso the north sea was the main body of naval war. Britain tried to block germany off from overseas trade and resources.■Battle of Jetland-one of the largest, May 21-June 21st■Battle of Dogger Bank-huge victory for the British■Battle of Heligoland-first naval battle, August 28, 1914, British victory■Battle of Coronel-November 1st, 1914, near Chile, German Victory■Battle of Falkland Islands-December 8th, 1914, German Victory6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?■Woodrow declared neutrality7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?■May 7th, 1915-Germany U-boats at the Lusitania■1917-Wilson asked Congress to declare war, entered as an associated power, instead of an official ally■Upset with G.B. and Germany■Trade with England rose, Germany declined■Zimmerman Note-coded telegram sent by Arthur Zimmerman on January 16, 1917, was intercepted by the British cryptographers, given to the newpapers and out raged the public◦Germany tried to get Mexico to declare war on the United States◦Germany promised Mexico that they would get the Mexican Cession back if they won◦Germany wanted to keep the US out of Europe■Beliefs of War Hawks■Trade with England increased, Germany decreased as years went on■British and American Propaganda■Preparedness Program-US started arming and preparing for war■American Business-munitions business pushed US into war to make money■German declaration of "unlimited submarine warfare"8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?■The Battle of Cantigny (may 28th 1918)■The Battle of Belleauwood(june 1918)■The Battle of LeHemal (july)■The Second Battle of Marne (end of july into august)9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?■Schielffn Plan - german plan of attack of WW1, need to defeat attack france quickly◦problems- belgium stronger than anticipated■Plan 17- french plan of attack during WW1, Designed by Ferdinand Foch, put into action by the french commander in chief Joseph Joffre, relied on Elan Vital■Plan 19 or A - fermany attacks france, russia attacks russia in route to germany, 2 armies attack while the rest protect Russsia from Austria Hungary■Plan G - never happened but if it were going to happen - Germany attacks Russia full scale, Russia lets them invade them, once deep into russia attack the germans■AEF American Expeditionary Force- Select American Troops, Deployed to assist french and Britain Froces, ofted referred to as dough boys10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?BAYONET -a simple blade attached to the barrel of a rifle used in close combat situationsFLAMETHROWER - a fire spreading mechanism first used by the germans it was bad if you were in a trenchPOISON GAS - first used by french they were chloride filled which caused cough attacks for the opposing army, germans created mustard gas which was deadly but orderless.SUBMARINES - u boats were sued in combat they sank three british battleships, merchant ships fo the allies to stop them from dustributing, commonly used for sneak attacksTANKS - armored cars that have firing mechanisms attacked to themMACHINE GUNS - warpons that were fired at a faster rate and for a longer time, they had problems working becuase they would get jammedAIRPLANE - used for a little bombing and dog fighting11. Describe trench warfare.Battling between to popposing armies that are both entrenched. Jush laying in a trench shooting back at eachother12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.■Home Front - what people did back home (US) to win the war. (work in factories)■Victory Gardens - to help grow food to send to the war■women started dong mens jobs, women started geting more rights since they were taking over mens jobs■African Americans -◦managed the war efforts◦the great migration - they immigrated from rural wouth to urban north to work in factories
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