Monday: Talking about our test, Start chapter 10
- Old Diplomacy vs. New Diplomacy
- War with Span
- Building an empire
- Big Stick Diplomacy
- Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
- Dollar Diplomacy
- Missionary Diplomacy
Domestic Policy vs. Foreign Policy
Key Terms
- Imperialism- Stronger countries taking over weaker countries
- Diplomacy- Solve problems peacefully
- Militarism- Process of building up military power and being willing to use them
- Nationalism- Pride
- Sphere of influence- Get involved in countries
- Protectorate- Protect weaker countries
- Arbitration- Settlement of dispute by a third party
Old Diplomacy
- Policy of isolationism
- Non-interventionist
- The US did not intervene in foreign affairs
- Isolationist
- The US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with others
- Passive and reactive
- The US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly
- Weak army and navy
New Diplomacy
- Imperialistic
- Going out and conquering territory to create an empire
- Strong army and navy
- Interventionist- especially in Central and South America
- Becoming more involved in other countries affairs
- Monroe Doctrine
- Strong Nationalism
- Having strong pride and confidence in one's country
Tuesday:
Imperialism and America
- Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
- Which countries were the most powerful in 1900?
- Great Britain
- Germany
- France
- Austria-Hungary
- Italy
- Russia
- United States
- Ottoman Empire- Turkey
- Japan
Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
- The western frontier was settled- 1890
- Brings military power and prestige to your country
- Naval bases and refueling stations
- Money- For natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods(trade)
- Belief in cultural superiority- White Man's Burden
- McKinley: "To take them all and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them."
- Taft: We must help "our little brown brothers" on the the Philippines
Bought Alaska from Russia
The Spanish American war
- By 1900. Spain was a dwindling empire
- Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few colonies in Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)
- The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time
- US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
- Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently(1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
- Many felt sorry for the Cuban people
Causes of the Spanish-American War 1898
- The USS Maine sinking
- The Yellow Press
- Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps
- Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba- making it look like Spain did it
- To help the Cubans get independence
Wednesday:
Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment
- On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain
- Dicuss imperialists vs anti-imperialists in the US
- Teller Amendment was added to the declaration of war against Spain
- Guaranteed Cuban independence
Fronts in the Spanish-American War
- Philippines
- Cuba
- Puerto Rico
Emilio Aguinaldo
Rough Riders- tough and rough guys, volunteered to go to Cuba, beat the Spanish in Cuba
Treaty of Paris- 1898
- Brought an official end to the war
- Spain gave Cuba independence (Kind of)
- US got control of the Philippines ($20 million), Guam and Puerto Rico
Philippine-American War
- The Philippine-American War broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them Independence
- It ended with American control over the islands
- 12,000-20,000 Filipinos soldiers dead
- 200,00-1.5 million Filipino civilians die- some contend US committed genocide
- 4,165 US soldiers dead
China
- By the late 1800's it was looking as if China would be carved up like Africa had been
- China wanted to prevent this from happening
- The boxer rebellion
- Open door Policy- independence for China, Trading for all countries
Thursday:
The Roosevelt Corollary
- It was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine
- Said that the US would be the police officer between Latin America and Europe
Big stick Diplomacy
- "Speak softly and carry a big stick" or "Big Stick" diplomacy
- Big stick- represents military power
Dollar Diplomacy
- Economic imperialism
- US banks were in control of many businesses in Latin America
- US said it was needed to keep European powers out of Latin America
- "Substituting dollars for bullets"
President Woodrow Wilson
- Wilson's ethical and religious beliefs also influenced his foreign policy
- Practiced "missionary diplomacy"
- US would not recognize any government that was oppressive, undemocratic and hostile toward the US
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