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Spanish American War
By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico
The U.S. had been interested in cuba for a long time
Us tried to buy cuba
Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently (1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
Many felt sorry for cuban people
Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
USS Maine sinking
The Yellow Press
William Randolph Hearst
Joseph Pulitzer
These men wanted cuba
Instigated war
United the general public to want war with Spain
Made people feel sorry for the Cubans
Jose Marti’s destruction of property in Cuba and making it look like Spain did it
General Valeriano “The Butcher” Weyler
Slightly Poor treatment against
De Lome Letter
“... McKinley is weak and catering to rabble
Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment
On April 25, 1898 the US declared war on Spain
Teller amendment was added to the declaration of war against Spain
Guaranteed Cuban independence after the war was over
Fronts of the Spanish-American War
Philippines
Cuba
Puerto Rico
Rough Riders
Group of very tough men
Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917
In 2012, the majority of Puerto Ricans voted for statehood- It is now up to congress
In 1898, Spain Gave control of Cuba to the US with the Treaty of Paris
In 1902, the US granted Cuba its independence as promised with the Teller amendment
The US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with the Platt Amendment
The Philippines
The Philippine-American war broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them independence
It ended with American control over the islands
12,000,000 Filipinos soldiers dead
200,000-250,000 Filipino civilians died-some contend US commited genocide
4,165 soldiers dead
In 1935, the Philippines was granted Commonwealth status
On July 4, 1946, the Philippines attained its independence
China
The Boxer Rebellion
Open door policy
All countries should have equal trading rights with china
Guarantee
Teddy Roosevelt
Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts
Panama Canal
Went down to panama with a fleet and told panama to declare independence
Roosevelt Corollary
Addition of Monroe Doctrine
If Europe has a problem with Latin American, Come to the US and the US will be a middle man
The US would use force to protect interests in Latin America
Big Stick Diplomacy
Great White Fleet
Dollar Diplomacy
Substituting dollars for bullets
US said it was needed to keep European
President Woodrow Wilson
Missionary Diplomacy
US would not recognize any government that was oppressive, undemocratic and hostile toward the US
Used extensively in Latin America
Pancho Villa- Mexican Expedition 1916-17
Villa Was pro- american at first but soon changed after President Carranza
Killed dozens of US citizens
President Wilson ordered General John Pershing (and 15,000 troop) to go into Mexico and capture Villa
Eventually, the Mexican Army clashed with Pershing’s forces
By 1917, both sides backed down
World War I
Used To Be Called The Great War
Russia dropped out in 1917
US got in in 1917
Causes
Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
Economic Competition
Great Britain, France, and Germany (among others) were competing worldwide for colonies, natural resources, markets, money and power
System Of Alliances
Gavrilo Princip Killed Franz Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary sends ultimatum to Serbia
Serbia refuses to accept ultimatum
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia after Germany gives them carte blanche
Germany Declares war on Russia
France enters war to help Russia
Great Britain enters war to help France
War
Von Schlieffen plan
Take out France quickly before Russia gets into the war
This plan failed, quickly
Types of Trenches
Front Line
Support
Reserve
“No man’s Land”
Link: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1drnf7AbYnMeCLfyV9RiOIGlLlnUQbWtNaxx3EfN5Mzs/edit?usp=sharing
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