Monday- Vikings
Tuesday - Russia and Mr. Bruns talks about Vikings
Wednesday -Finish Russia
Thursday - Byzantine Empire Presentation
Friday - Finish Byzantine Empire
The Vikings
Who were the Vikings originally?
How did the Vikings come to power?
How did the Vikings attack?
The Vikings Coming to Power
Scandinavians left homeland
Lack of goods
Became good at trading/fishing
Norsemen skilled warriors
Seek fortunes elsewhere
Coming to Power
800 AD shipped to Europe
Hit at coast and main trading
Used a hit and run approach
Raided and looted towns
Did for 300 years
Raided Iceland and Britain
Raiding Cities
Reasons for leaving homeland are unknown
Overpopulation
Early vikings looked for riched not land
Raided the coast first
Lots of undefended monasteries
Places devoted to god
British Isles
Attacked much of British ruled areas
Ireland, Scotland, England
Took over Iceland
Founded first Ireland trading towns
Used base on Ireland coast
Attack Tactics
Attacked much of Europe using hit and run style
Would attack and loot main places in city
Get out after getting loot
Goals/Purposes
The early Vikings were mainly driven by money
They left their early civilizations to pillage for money and wealth
Their goals were to take over as much as possible
For several decades they were known for hit and runs
Social Classes
Kings
Military Leaders/Nobles
Working Class
Slaves
Culture/Gender Roles
Males Roles
Raiders
Traders
Farmers
Women Roles
Keeping the house
Preparing food for the men
Quality of Life
Poor
Moving from place to place
Traded for a lot of their things
Lived off what you pillaged
Expansion
Population grew-people wanted own land
Raids, exploration, search for wealth main reasons of expansion
Killed everyone to take land for themselves
Wars
Never had and full on wars
Small battles and confrontations
Often would just raid cities and take loot
Interesting Facts
Didn’t wear horned helmets
Human Trafficking
The majority of men were farmers
Vikings skied for fun and transportation
First to land on the New World
Famous Leaders/People
Rollo- First ruler of Normandy
Erik the Red- Founded Greenland’s first Norse Settlement
Olaf Tryggvason- Brought Christianity to Norway
Leif Eriksson- Beat Columbus to America by 500 years
Cnut the Great- England’s Viking King
Harald Hardrada- Last Great Viking Leader
End of Viking Era
England able to hold off raids
Vikings become spread out
Biggest population in Europe
Gets sucked into Christianity
Russian Empire
Kievan Russia
Scandinavian warriors crossed the Baltic Sea and settled with the Slavs
Slavs wanted the viking chief Rurik to be the king
Rurik created the first important city
Oleg, a nobleman moved South to Kiev
Vikings could sail by river to Constantinople
Kiev then turned into a small state
Main Goals
New Sources of trade
Build closer ties with the far east
Expand the empire
Expansion
Began as Vikings
Russia began as Kievan Rus
City of Moscow
1440 Officially an Empire under Ivan III
Treatment of Captured People
Accepted Slavic culture
Lived peacefully with Slavs
Fought hard for land but fairly
Wars
Battles between Yaroslav’s sons
The Crusades
Mongol Invasion
1200’s
Genghis Khan
1240 attack on Kiev
Mongols ruled southern Russia
Demanded tributes and loyalty
Liberation
Ivan III made final break
Stand off by Ugra river
Mongols and Russians both refused to fight
Bloodless liberating battle
Russia could officially pursue being an empire
Culture
Food
Cabbage, potatoes, carrots, and beets
Clothing
Clean and pressed
Land
All owned by state
Trade
Fuel and oil export
Religion
Orthodox Christianity
Arts
Gender Roles
Men
Providers
Women
Expected to stay home
Social Classes
Mostly peasants- 81.6%
Other classes: nobles, merchants, clergy, military
Serfdom developed in 16th century, abolished in 1861
Inequality partially led to decline of empire
Decline
Ended in 1917
Shortage of labor workers, military, famine
February Revolution
Famous Leaders
King Rurik of Kievan Rus’
Ivan III
Yaroslav the Wise
Alexander II
Catherine the Great
Byzantine Empire
Came to be
Made new site of Capital
Roman Empire
Grew Apart
Goals/Purposes
Major Trade
Great Wealth
Defensive Walls
Glorify City
Expansion
Nobleman named Justinian succeeded an uncle to the throne in 527
Justinian’s army took over the western part of empire
Famous Leaders
Constantine
Justinian I
Basil I
Wars
Anastasian War
Bulgarian War
Ottomans War
Arab War
Byzantine Seljuk War
Holy Wars
Lost of Power
Pressure from the Turks
Financials going down because of the need to fight the Turks
Lifestyle
Trading
Seafood
Hunters-Gazelle
Farmers
Eggplants
Lemons
Oranges
War Life
Rich
Poor
Church
Influenced Farming
Great Schism
The break between the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches
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