Monday:
Causes of war
- Allied:
- England
- France
- Russia
- United States
- Italy Serbia
- Belgium
- Central powers:
- Germany
- Austria Hungary
- Ottoman Empire
- Bulgaria
- Long term Causes
- Nationalism
- Deep devotion or pride to one specific country
- Competition and Rivalries begun and developed between European nations
- Militarism
- Powerful military
- Keeping a large standing army for war
- Wars caused huge arms race for military technology between each country
- Imperialism
- when one country takes over another country politically and economically
- Extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy
- Alliance system
- Agreements between nations to provide aid and protect one another
- Designed to keep peace in Europe but instead lead to distrust and war
- Made major allies and later built countries against each other
- Nationalism
- Short term causes
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassination
- June 28th 1914
- All took place in Sarajevo
- Gavrilo Princip
- July 23rd Austria Hungary presents Serbia with an ultimatum that is too harsh
- Serbia tries but fails
- Causing Austria Hungary to declare war
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassination
- Reasons for US entering war
- Zimmerman Note- A telegram sent from Germany to Mexico that proposed an alliance between them
- Germany sends a telegram asking Mexico to attack America but British forces intercepts them and tells America
- America gets fed up and enters the war giving the allies the much needed reinforcements they needed
- Germany attacked ships making America very unpleased
- On April 6th, 1917 America entered the war
- Sinking of the Lusitania
- On May 7th 1915
- A German U-boat sunk the RMS Lusitania
- The sinking played an important role in making American public anger against Germany
- America was primarily made of German people
- Zimmerman Note- A telegram sent from Germany to Mexico that proposed an alliance between them
Tuesday:
Causes of war
- Goals for major countries
- Us
- Make the world safer for democracy
- The war was kind of saw as democracies (France, Britain) vs Monarchies (Germany and Austria-Hungary)
- Germany
- Weaken France
- Build empire in Europe
- Britain
- Weaken Germany to protect their allies
- Us
- Battle strategies
- Germany though Russia would take time to mobilize their troops and they would go attack France but France was ready
- The Gallipoli
- Strategy intended for ships to be able to pass through the Dardanelles
- Causes for us to enter war
- Propaganda
US home front and propaganda in WW1
- Food Administration
- Wilson requested Hoover to leave positions of Chairman of the commission for Relief in Belgium
- Hoover returns to country- wartime Food Administration
- 3 years of intense fighting in Western Europe
- Devastated people/ability to farm
- Food Administration
- Provide food for troops and Allies in Europe
- Provide food for American and Allied
- US based on a different idea then Europe
- "Food will win the war"
- Posters, articles, workshops and educational material- 15% reduction in domestic food rationing
Wednesday:
US home front and propaganda in WW1
- Food pledge
- Food Administration initiated first food pledge campaign
- Every woman urged to register
- November of 1917- 10 mil. families
- Women given Home cards
- Display in front window
- "Hang this in your kitchen" - reference for ways to conserve food
- Role of home economists
- Taught public basics of food substitution
- Corn for rye
- peanut flour for wheat flour
- Beans, fish, and cheese for meet
- Syrups and honey for sugar
- Taught importance of consumption of fresh fruits/vegetables
- Federal and states level
- Taught public basics of food substitution
- War industries board
- WIB
- Established July 1917
- Council of national defense
- Not much power
- Bernard Baruch
- Industrial production
- Raw materials- wood
- Committee on public information
- Woodrow Wilson
- 1st time needed large scale propaganda
- week after involvement
- George Creel
- James Montgomery Flagg
- Four minute men
- 755,190 speeches
- 75,000 volunteers
- Patriotic four minute speeches
- An average American person heard at least three speeches
- Espionage Act of 1917
- Crime if anyone says anything negative about our forces
- 20 years in prison
- $10,000 fine
- Sedition Act 1918
- Reinforced the Espionage act
- National war labor board
- Authorized in March 1918
- Prevented strikes that would cause disruption of war industry production
- Appointed by President Woodrow Wilson
- Taft and Frank Walsh were the directors
- Persuaded to...
- Raise wages
- Improve working conditions
- Negotiations with employees
- Authorized in March 1918
Thursday: Presenting
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