Accomplishments of the Song Dynasty
By:Rhiana Chickering, Cari Peters, Julie Schneider, and Marea Ferry
When and Where
3 Key People
3 Key People (Continued)
3 Key People (Continued)
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Yuan
What they're known for
What they're known for Cont.
- Follows the Golden Age of Chinese
- Writtne by over 2200 authors
- important part of social lilfe
- two famous poets
- Du Fu
- Li Bai
Song Poetry
- Classical Chines Peotry
- Poets:
- Su Shi
- Ouyang Xiu
- Lu You
- Yang Wanli
Song Poetry
Mand different forms
Ci-form of poetry based on songs and rhythyms but with different words
Tang Technology
- Invented astronomical clock
- gunpoweder
- gas cylinders
- water powered fans
- porcelin
Song Technology
- claculated an accurate measurement of the astronomical meridan
- many medical breakthroughs
- used ephedrin as a pharmaceutical drug
- Hydraulic powered astronomical clock
- movable type
- flame thrower
Tang Art Painted
- many paintings of landscape, shanshui
- this was paintings with mountains and water
- many paintings were traded
- main music;;the qin, which was used also in the han dynasty
- aslo made pots and plates
Tang Science
- Contributed to a lot to the develpment of astronamy, medicine and printing technique in Chinese history
- Monk Yixing, was the first to successfully measure the length of the meridian line
Song Science
- considered to be Chinas high point in science
- inventions Geunpoweder compass, and movable type printing, greatest 3
- the period that the song dynasty made numerous scientific advacdses was known as the Chinese Renaissance
Han and Tang dynasty agriculture and trade
Tang Agriculture
- digging underground wells for better irrigation, made a very light weight pump used to take water to farm land far from water sources
- Rice, a chinese crop ripended quickly so China was able to hold sucha large population with these small inventions
- Crops--corn, rice, beans, and wheat
Tang Trade
- During the Tang Dynasty the use of The Silk Road declined dramatically-mongols took it over
- Silk Roads-ambushed a lot by the Mongols
Tang Dynasty:
Pre Tang Dynasty:
-before the Tang dynasty, there was the Sui Dynasty
-It lasted from 581 to 618
-A big achievement for the Sui dynasty was that they constructed most of the Grand Canal, by some labor or millions of workers
-The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the world
-However, the high taxes and the forced labor for some construciton projects and wars made this dynasty very unpopular
-the Sui empire ended in rebellions
Early Tang Dynasty:
-In the early Tang Dynasty the Li family became powerful leaders
-after capturing Changan, a general named Li Yuan declared himself the emperor of the Tang empire in 618
-He defeated his rival commanders and his rule lasted until 626 when his son forced him to retire
- His son, LI Shimin killed his two brothers to gain power as the emperor
-He was a very famous long-lived emperor
-Once the Gokturks in central Asia were defeated the Tang Empire expanded westward
-The silk trade routes flourished and Taizong received foreign emissaries in Changan
-he died 649
Middle Tang Dynasty:
-In the Middle tang dynasty there was war, famin, and external attacks, this caused the death of millions
-In 750 the Nanzhao rebelled agaisnt the Tang dynasty
-It was quite small but powerful
-the destroyed a large army that was sent agaisnt them in 750
-Another large army in 754
-Then the Nanzhao expanded into BUrma, Thailand and the rest of Yunnan and Sichuan
Tang Dynasty:
-618 BC to 907 BC
-Founded by the Li family
-capital was Changan
-at the time was the most populous city in the world at the time
-Is considered a high point of the Chinese civilization
-Extended a lot of cultural influence on its neighbors
-buddhism became a major cultural influence
Major Accomp:
-Developed a new study of medicine emphasized the use of herbs and organic materials for treatment-still in use today in China
-Their research into complex chemicals heavily influenced useful inventions that came later like air conditioning
-They also invented waterproof creams that resemble todays varnish that is used on wood
-their emphasis on education brought about economic prosperity and political stability for china for a long time
Key Players:
-Li Yuan was the founder of the Tang dynasty
-Wu Daozi was considered the treatest painter of the Tang dynasty-cultural leader
-Li Shimin was on of the emperors during this time-an excellent politician -led the dynasty to political stability through his open-minded and humane style of rule
-Wu Zetian was empress along with Emperor Gaozon-she was able to preserve the empire with her keen political mind since Gaozong was weak minded eliminated political enemies
How they Lost power:
-There were four main reasons that the tang dynaty lost power
-The rise of eunuchs
-Men that have been castrated
-the rules that kept them from reaching high offices were abolished
-they reached positions above princess and ministers
-as eunuchs rose, the central miliaty power was weakened
-Spearitists regions called Fanzhen, along the borders, fought amongst themselves
-They started as regional military governorhsips,for safeguarding of boarders
-they competed for farmland and labor
-they became small kingdoms in and of themselves
-Conflict in the ruling class
-people of wealthy lineage and commoners who had worked their way up
-Formed different political parties, and the divisveness between them broke down the power of the central regime
-The most important factor was the peasant uprising
-Only non gov external power that contrubuted to the decline
-gov annexed a lot of land
-the gov imposed a lot of taxes
-the biggest one wa the Huang Chao Uprising
After the tang Dynasty:
-China descended into political turmoil after the fall of the tang dynasty
-It is known as the period of five Dynasties and ten kingdoms
Womens rights and Social Class:
-Women were lower in the social class than men
-there were a lot of well educated women
- A lot of women who educated their sons
-Some women also wrote poems and stories
-Most women were maids and servants
Womens rights of Song Dynasty:
-Women gained many new legal rights in ownership of property when they got married
-they were given large dowries and legal rights when it came to property
Establishment:
-Fifty years after the offical end of the Tang Dynasty, an imperial army re unified China and established the song dynasty
-Formed from on of the five dyasties after the Tang dynasty
Song Dynasty Social Class:
-wealthy landowners
-scholar
-merchants and artisans
-soldiers and peasants
-slaves
Common Women in Tang Dynasty
-They traded livestock and women to the Turkes
-The most common women weren't treated well
-the women cooked and cleaned and took care of the men
Higher up women in the Tang dynasty:
-There were some women called courtesans that wre great singers and poets. They suervised banquets and feasts and knew the rules to all of hte drinking games
-These women weren't afraid to criticize men
Social Class of the tang Dynasty:
-8 social classes
-Emperor and family
-aristocracy
-bureacracy
-Eunuchs
-Clergy
-Peasants
-artisans and traders
-slaves
Weaponry:
-Knife chariot, rammer, scaling ladder, iron sword, stone-casting machine,fire arrow,fireball,watchtower
Gunpowder:
-song military found gunpowder to be helpful in siege warfare
-led to development of early types of rockets, cannons, bombs, and mines
-bombs of gunpowder were mixed with scrap iron that would be launched with catapults
-song dynasty wanted to continue to improve their weapons to hold off the Mongols
weapons of tang dynasty:
-pike,swords,bow and arrow,grenades,throwing dagger
Armor:
-plates of iron with sharp edges that they alos used as a weapon
-also used shields that were a very thick piece of iron that could almost defend between any weapon
Tactics:
-Song-clamor in the East, attack in the west
-element of surprise that provides an overwhelming advantage
-when face to face with an enemy attack them whre they least expect it
-Tang create something from nothing-Feint
-Feint is a movemnt in order to deceive their adversary
-Make a move then you make another move and whe your enemy reacts to that move make another move to catch them off guard
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