Monday - work day and talked politics at the end of class.
Tuesday - Ancient Rome
Took over Ancient Greece
First Romans were Latins when Greeks were still dominating
Built the original settlement at Rome on Palatine Hill
Greeks established colonies in southern Italy and Sicily
Etruscans came from Italy
Brought alphabet, language, architecture and engineering
Etruscans were the group that helped Rome grow into a large city
Rome was ruled by an Etruscan King until 509 BC and was overthrown by Brutus, the founder of the Roman Republic, which is a Democracy
Republic - a form of government in which power rests with the citizens who have a right to vote for their leaders
SPQR - "The senate and People of Rome"
Citizens were free-born males only
Patricians - were wealthy landowners who had most of the power
- Believed that their ancestry gave them power to make laws
Plebeians - were farmers, artisans and merchants that made up most of the population
- Were Roman citizens with the right to vote
- Could not hold most government jobs
- Eventually, Rome's leaders allowed Plebeians to form their own assembly and elect representatives called tribunes
- Worked to protect the rights of Plebeians
Government was very similar to the U.S.
Military was very important part of making Rome into a major power
All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military
Legions - made up of 5,000 groups of infantry
Legions were broken down into smaller 80 man groups called a century
A centurion led the century
Each Legion had a cavalry unit for support
Areas next to Rome became full of Roman citizens
In other areas of Italy further away, groups became citizens but could not vote
In areas outside of Italy groups became allies
Wednesday - talked politics
Thursday -
In times of Crisis Dictators were chosen by the Consuls and elected by the Senate
They had absolute power for 6 months to make laws
Punic is a Phoenician based word
First Punic war was between Rome and Carthage
Carthage was a Phoenician city-state
Friday -
Hannibal Carthage General led a massive surprise attack on Rome
Led 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 90 elephants all the way through Spain and Europe
For ten years, Hannibal marched his men up and down Italy
He had a lot of victories, but Romans, led by Scipio attacked Carthage and forced Hannibal to return home
Rome won
Rome went on the offensive and laid siege to Carthage
The Romans burned the city and 50,000 people were sold into slavery
With Carthage out of the picture, Rome would continue it's conquests in the upcoming decades
These wars affected the course of history like Roman law, what our money looks like, and our base language, Latin.
Punic means treacherous in English
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